Gierczyński R
Zakład Bakteriologii PZH w Warszawie.
Med Dosw Mikrobiol. 2000;52(1):51-65.
It is well known that virulent strains of Y. enterocolitica bear the virulence-associated plasmid pYV. Moreover some authors consider that the pathogenic strains of these bacteria have chromosome encoded phenotypic and genotypic features such as: genes ail and yst which could be used as virulence markers. The virulent strains of Y. enterocolitica do not produce pyrasinamidase and are not able to ferment salicin and cannot hydrolyse esculin. In addition these strains produce thermostable enterotoxin called YST and protein Ail (attachment invasion locus). In contrast to phenotypic virulence makers the biological function of proteins Ail, YST and nucleotide sequence of genes ail and yst is well described. In the presented study one hundred thirty virulence plasmid bearing Y. enterocolitica strains belonging to serogroup O3 were examined for the presence of genes ail, yst, and were tested for their inability to pyrasinamidase production, salicin fermentation and esculin hydrolysis. In addition forty pYV plasmid-cured isogenic strains were included in to the study. Genes ail and yst were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The obtained results indicate that all tested 130 pYV+ Y. enterocolitica strains as well as 40 plasmid-cured isogenic strains have carried ail and yst genes. All tested strains did not produce pyrasinamidase, hydrolyse esculin and ferment salicin. This generally was in agreement with the observations done by other authors and suggest that the chromosomal virulence markers, especially well described genes ail and yst, could be useful for excluding the potential virulence of Y. enterocolitica strains, which had lost pYV plasmid and have no ail or yst genes. Therefore, in clinical studies, Y. enterocolitica strains isolated directly from patients should be primarily tested for the presence of the virulence plasmid and secondarily, the negative ones could be examined for the presence of the chromosomal virulence markers.
众所周知，致病性小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌菌株携带与毒力相关的质粒pYV。此外，一些作者认为这些细菌的致病菌株具有染色体编码的表型和基因型特征，例如：ail和yst基因，可作为毒力标记。致病性小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌菌株不产生吡嗪酰胺酶，不能发酵水杨苷，也不能水解七叶苷。此外，这些菌株产生一种名为YST的耐热肠毒素和蛋白Ail（黏附侵袭位点）。与表型毒力标记不同，蛋白Ail、YST的生物学功能以及ail和yst基因的核苷酸序列已得到充分描述。在本研究中，检测了130株携带毒力质粒的O3血清型小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌菌株中ail、yst基因的存在情况，并测试了它们是否不能产生吡嗪酰胺酶、发酵水杨苷和水解七叶苷。此外，40株pYV质粒治愈的同基因菌株也纳入了研究。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测ail和yst基因。所得结果表明，所有测试的130株pYV+小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌菌株以及40株质粒治愈的同基因菌株均携带ail和yst基因。所有测试菌株均不产生吡嗪酰胺酶、水解七叶苷和发酵水杨苷。这总体上与其他作者的观察结果一致，表明染色体毒力标记，尤其是已充分描述的ail和yst基因，可用于排除已丢失pYV质粒且无ail或yst基因的小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌菌株的潜在毒力。因此，在临床研究中，直接从患者分离的小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌菌株应首先检测毒力质粒的存在，其次，对阴性菌株检测染色体毒力标记的存在情况。
