Richmond T S, Kauder D
School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 2000 Oct;13(4):681-92. doi: 10.1023/A:1007866318207.
Posttraumatic psychological distress was assessed in 109 survivors of serious physical injury during acute hospitalization and at 3 months postdischarge. Participants had an average of 4.4 injuries, with a mean injury severity score of 15.5, denoting moderate to severe injuries. Using the Impact of Event Scale (IES), the mean total IES score in-hospital was 22.5 and at 3 months postdischarge was 30.6. Approximately 32% of individuals experienced high levels of distress in-hospital, and this increased to 49% at 3 months postdischarge. The regression model that best explained the variance in posttraumatic psychological distress at 3 months postdischarge included greater psychological distress during hospitalization, a positive drug/alcohol screen on hospital admission, younger age, and the lack of anticipating problems returning to normal life activities. These findings suggest that factors present during acute hospitalization may be used to identify individuals at risk for increased psychological distress, several months following serious physical injury.
在急性住院期间及出院后3个月，对109名严重身体损伤幸存者的创伤后心理困扰进行了评估。参与者平均有4.4处损伤，平均损伤严重程度评分为15.5，表明为中度至重度损伤。使用事件影响量表（IES），住院期间IES总均分是22.5，出院后3个月为30.6。约32%的个体在住院期间经历了高度困扰，出院后3个月这一比例增至49%。最能解释出院后3个月创伤后心理困扰差异的回归模型包括住院期间更大的心理困扰、入院时药物/酒精筛查呈阳性、年龄较小以及缺乏对恢复正常生活活动中出现问题的预期。这些发现表明，急性住院期间存在的因素可用于识别严重身体损伤数月后心理困扰增加风险的个体。
