[Physical activity--a crucial factor in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases].

BACKGROUND

Cardiovascular disease is a major health problem. Metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The articles for this review were found by MEDLINE search.

RESULTS

Regular physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality in general and of coronary heart disease in particular. Existing data are convincing regarding the relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular disease, but not conclusive regarding stroke. Regular physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness is beneficially associated with lipids, blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, obesity, haemostasis and endothelial function. An increased level of physical activity has the potential to improve these factors simultaneously. Regular physical activity decreases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Increased physical activity might have a beneficial effect on metabolic control in those who have type 2 diabetes.

INTERPRETATION

Physical activity should be strongly emphasised in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.