Mawn B, Pakkala K
Department of Nursing, College of Health Professions, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 01854, USA.
J Contin Educ Nurs. 2000 May-Jun;31(3):101-10. doi: 10.3928/0022-0124-20000501-04.
Nurses play key roles as advocates, educators, and researchers to eliminate barriers to access as well as educate the public on the importance of vaccines for children in the United States.
Fifty-four nurses attending a community-based immunization program completed a pretest questionnaire which included identification of related practice behaviors and general knowledge questions. Twenty-four responded to a similar posttest survey 6 months later. The investigators compared knowledge pretest and posttest scores with a t test. Behavioral changes were compared between the pretest and posttest group by analyzing the percentage of change between the time period.
The mean score in the knowledge section increased significantly from a pretest mean of 52% to 75% during the posttest period (p < 005). Behavior change was not statistically significant because of the low number of posttest responses indicating actual immunization practices in the clinical setting. The investigators analyzed trends in practice by comparing percentages of responses.
These findings suggest that a multifaceted, community-based nursing continuing education program including both local, ethnic community perspectives and information related to the latest standards of practice can impact knowledge levels and some practice behaviors.
在美国，护士作为倡导者、教育者和研究者发挥着关键作用，以消除获取疫苗的障碍，并向公众宣传儿童疫苗接种的重要性。
参加社区免疫计划的54名护士完成了一份预测试问卷，其中包括相关实践行为的识别和一般知识问题。6个月后，24人回复了一份类似的后测试调查。研究者用t检验比较了预测试和后测试的分数。通过分析时间段之间的变化百分比，比较了预测试组和后测试组之间的行为变化。
知识部分的平均分数从预测试时的平均52%显著提高到后测试期间的75%（p<0.05）。由于后测试中表明临床环境中实际免疫实践的回复数量较少，行为变化没有统计学意义。研究者通过比较回复百分比分析了实践趋势。
这些发现表明，一个多方面的、基于社区的护理继续教育项目，包括当地民族社区的观点和与最新实践标准相关的信息，可以影响知识水平和一些实践行为。
