Saddi Ghada-Maria, Abbott Frances V
Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, 515-517 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H2W 1S4, Canada Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 1033 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.
Pain. 2000 Dec 15;89(1):53-63. doi: 10.1016/S0304-3959(00)00348-1.
We investigated the scoring properties of the mouse formalin test using the time-sampling method recently developed for infant and adult rats. Formalin was injected under the plantar surface of one rear paw (10 microl, 1-8%), and pain behaviours (paw favouring, lifting and licking) and behavioural state were recorded. Correlational and regression analyses indicated that scores composed of combinations of all three pain behaviours, either summed or weighted, provided less variable indices of pain than licking alone. The maximum percent effect (MPE(50); i.e. pain behaviour 50% of the time) for the log formalin concentration-effect curves was 3-4% in both phases. Habituation to the test environment prior to testing did not alter the MPE(50)s, but slopes were lower in unhabituated mice, dramatically increasing the size of the confidence interval. Formalin dose-dependently reduced locomotion, rearing and sniffing in both the first phase and the early part of the second phase. The combination measures were sensitive to morphine (2-8 mg/kg), amphetamine (1-4 mg/kg), dipyrone (50-200 mg/kg), xylazine (0.25-1 mg/kg), and acepromazine (0.25-1 mg/kg), and resistant to diazepam (0.5-2 mg/kg), pimozide (0.05-0.25 mg/kg), pentobarbital (10 and 15 mg/kg) and indomethacin (2-8 mg/kg). Decreased pain was correlated with increased motor activity for morphine and amphetamine, and with decreased activity for xylazine and acepromazine; dipyrone and indomethacin did not alter activity levels.
我们使用最近为幼鼠和成年大鼠开发的时间采样方法，研究了小鼠福尔马林试验的评分特性。将福尔马林注射到一只后爪的足底表面（10微升，1 - 8%），并记录疼痛行为（爪子偏好、抬起和舔舐）和行为状态。相关性和回归分析表明，由所有三种疼痛行为组合而成的分数，无论是相加还是加权，所提供的疼痛指标变异性都比单独的舔舐行为要小。两个阶段中，对数福尔马林浓度 - 效应曲线的最大效应百分比（MPE(50)；即疼痛行为出现时间占50%）均为3 - 4%。测试前对测试环境的适应并未改变MPE(50)，但未适应环境的小鼠曲线斜率较低，显著增大了置信区间的范围。福尔马林在第一阶段和第二阶段早期均呈剂量依赖性地减少运动、竖毛和嗅探行为。这些组合测量方法对吗啡（2 - 8毫克/千克）、苯丙胺（1 - 4毫克/千克）、安乃近（50 - 200毫克/千克）、赛拉嗪（0.25 - 1毫克/千克）和乙酰丙嗪（0.25 - 1毫克/千克）敏感，而对地西泮（0.5 - 2毫克/千克）、匹莫齐特（0.05 - 0.25毫克/千克）、戊巴比妥（10和15毫克/千克）和吲哚美辛（2 - 8毫克/千克）有抗性。疼痛减轻与吗啡和苯丙胺引起的运动活动增加相关，与赛拉嗪和乙酰丙嗪引起的活动减少相关；安乃近和吲哚美辛未改变活动水平。
