Menegon T, Baldo V, Cristofoletti M, Grella P, Carletti M, Trivello R
Institute of Hygiene, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Public Health. 2000 Nov;114(6):477-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.ph.1900696.
A heterogeneous population of 4396 consecutive pregnant women (86.6% indigenous, 13.4% immigrants) attending the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University of Padua (north-east Italy) were counselled and tested for HIV infection between September 1995 and December 1997. Sociodemographic and sanitary data were collected on each case. Anti-HIV prevalence was 0.57%. Intravenous drug use and foreign birth accounted for 28% and 24%, respectively, of the anti-HIV positive cases; 44% of the HIV-positive subjects reported no risk factors. In the logistic regression HIV positivity proved independently associated with intravenous drug use (adjusted OR 76. 6), sexually transmitted diseases (adjusted OR 13.2), unmarried status (adjusted OR 4.8), birth outside the European Union (EU) (adjusted OR 3.1) and age (adjusted OR 1.1). Heterosexual HIV spread appears to be a major concern. The monitoring of trends in HIV infection among subgroups should be continued in order to control the AIDS epidemic appropriately both by promoting HIV counselling and individual care, and by watching for changes in the social background.
1995年9月至1997年12月期间，对帕多瓦大学（意大利东北部）妇产科连续就诊的4396名孕妇（86.6%为本地人，13.4%为移民）这一异质人群进行了HIV感染咨询和检测。收集了每个病例的社会人口统计学和卫生数据。HIV感染率为0.57%。静脉吸毒和外国出生分别占HIV阳性病例的28%和24%；44%的HIV阳性受试者报告无危险因素。在逻辑回归中，HIV阳性被证明与静脉吸毒（调整后的OR为76.6）、性传播疾病（调整后的OR为13.2）、未婚状态（调整后的OR为4.8）、欧盟以外出生（调整后的OR为3.1）和年龄（调整后的OR为1.1）独立相关。异性传播的HIV似乎是一个主要问题。应继续监测各亚组中HIV感染趋势，以便通过促进HIV咨询和个人护理以及关注社会背景变化来适当控制艾滋病流行。
