Kalichman S C, Rompa D
Center for AIDS Intervention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2000 Dec 1;25(4):337-44. doi: 10.1097/00042560-200012010-00007.
Poor health literacy is a prevalent barrier to medical care and people with lower health literacy experience greater illness severity than people with higher health literacy. Health literacy may therefore be an important factor in the health and treatment of people living with HIV-AIDS.
A community-recruited sample of 339 HIV-infected men and women completed surveys and interviews that assessed functional health literacy, health status, AIDS-related disease and treatment knowledge, and health care perceptions and experiences. Medical records were available for chart abstraction of health status for a subsample of participants.
About 1 of 4 people living with HIV-AIDS demonstrated difficulty comprehending simple medical instructions and therefore lower health literacy. HIV-infected people with lower health literacy had lower CD4 cell counts, higher viral loads, were less likely to be taking antiretroviral medications, reported a greater number of hospitalizations, and reported poorer health than those with higher health literacy. In addition, after adjusting for years of formal education, lower health literacy was associated with poorer knowledge of one's HIV-related health status, poorer AIDS-related disease and treatment knowledge, and more negative health care perceptions and experiences.
Health literacy is a significant factor in the health and treatment of persons living with HIV-AIDS. Interventions are needed to improve medical care and the health status of people with lower health literacy that are living with HIV-AIDS.
健康素养低下是医疗保健的一个普遍障碍，与健康素养较高的人相比，健康素养较低的人疾病严重程度更高。因此，健康素养可能是影响艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者健康和治疗的一个重要因素。
从社区招募了339名感染艾滋病毒的男性和女性作为样本，他们完成了调查和访谈，以评估其功能性健康素养、健康状况、艾滋病相关疾病和治疗知识，以及对医疗保健的认知和体验。部分参与者的医疗记录可用于提取健康状况图表。
约四分之一的艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者在理解简单的医疗指示方面存在困难，因此健康素养较低。健康素养较低的艾滋病毒感染者的CD4细胞计数较低、病毒载量较高，服用抗逆转录病毒药物的可能性较小，住院次数较多，且自我报告的健康状况比健康素养较高者更差。此外，在调整正规教育年限后，健康素养较低与对自身艾滋病毒相关健康状况的了解较差、艾滋病相关疾病和治疗知识较差以及对医疗保健的负面认知和体验较多有关。
健康素养是影响艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者健康和治疗的一个重要因素。需要采取干预措施，以改善医疗保健状况，并提高健康素养较低的艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者的健康水平。
