Kalichman S C, Rompa D, Cage M
Center for AIDS Intervention Research (CAIR), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226, USA.
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Sep;11(9):579-85. doi: 10.1258/0956462001916551.
Self-reporting is a common, convenient, and inexpensive method for collecting health status information in HIV/AIDS research, but the reliability and validity of these data remain suspect. HIV-positive persons (n=174) completed self-report measures of demographics, health status, and health literacy, and provided permission to collect CD4 cell counts and viral load results from provider charts. Clinically meaningful categories of CD4 cell counts were reliably and validly assessed using self-report measures. Self-reported viral load, however, demonstrated only marginally acceptable reliability and validity, with the greatest validity occurring for recall of undetectable viral load. Self-reported health status was most reliable and valid for persons with higher levels of education and literacy. CD4 cell counts can therefore be reliably and validly assessed through self-reporting, particularly when collected in clinically meaningful units from persons with higher education. Self-reported viral load should be interpreted with caution and is most reliable when dichotomized into detectable/undetectable categories.
在艾滋病病毒/艾滋病研究中，自我报告是收集健康状况信息的一种常见、便捷且廉价的方法，但这些数据的可靠性和有效性仍值得怀疑。174名艾滋病病毒呈阳性者完成了关于人口统计学、健康状况和健康素养的自我报告测量，并允许从医疗机构图表中收集CD4细胞计数和病毒载量结果。使用自我报告测量方法能够可靠且有效地评估具有临床意义的CD4细胞计数类别。然而，自我报告的病毒载量仅显示出勉强可以接受的可靠性和有效性，对于回忆不可检测的病毒载量，有效性最高。自我报告的健康状况对于教育水平和识字程度较高的人最为可靠和有效。因此，CD4细胞计数可以通过自我报告得到可靠且有效的评估，特别是当从受过高等教育的人那里以具有临床意义的单位收集数据时。自我报告的病毒载量应谨慎解读，当分为可检测/不可检测类别时最为可靠。
