Ades A E, Parker S, Walker J, Cubitt W D, Jones R
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
Epidemiol Infect. 2000 Oct;125(2):399-405. doi: 10.1017/s0950268899004598.
The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in pregnant women in the North Thames region, and in the UK in general. Demographic data were linked to neonatal samples prior to anonymization and testing by anti-HCV EIA, and with RIBA 3 confirmation. Risk factors for maternal infection were explored. Area-specific seroprevalence rates were multiplied into population sizes to estimate HCV prevalence in pregnant women in the UK. A total of 241/126,009 samples were confirmed anti-HCV positive, and a further 40 were indeterminate, representing a seroprevalence of 0.19-0.22%; 51% of maternal HCV infections were in UK-born women (71% of the population), and 22% in women from continental Europe (5% of the population). Among European-born women, HCV prevalence was associated with birth in continental Europe, partner not being notified at birth registration, partner born in a different region to the mother, and inner city residence. Four of the 241 anti-HCV positive samples (1.7%) were also anti-HIV-1 positive. It was estimated that each year an estimated 1150 out of 730,000 pregnancies in the UK would involve a woman infected with HCV (uncertainty range 660-1850), a prevalence of 0.16% (0.09-0.25%). On the basis of reported rates of mother-to-child transmission of HCV, this would represent approximately 70 paediatric HCV infections per year.
该研究的目的是评估北泰晤士地区以及整个英国孕妇中丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的患病率和流行病学情况。在进行匿名化处理和采用抗HCV酶免疫测定法（EIA）检测之前，将人口统计学数据与新生儿样本相关联，并通过重组免疫印迹法（RIBA）3进行确认。对母亲感染的危险因素进行了探究。将特定地区的血清阳性率乘以人口规模，以估算英国孕妇中HCV的患病率。总共241/126,009份样本被确认为抗HCV阳性，另有40份结果不确定，血清阳性率为0.19 - 0.22%；51%的母亲HCV感染发生在英国出生的女性中（占人口的71%），22%发生在来自欧洲大陆的女性中（占人口的5%）。在欧洲出生的女性中，HCV患病率与在欧洲大陆出生、出生登记时未通知伴侣、伴侣出生地与母亲不同以及居住在市中心有关。241份抗HCV阳性样本中有4份（1.7%）也抗HIV - 1阳性。据估计，英国每年730,000例妊娠中约有1150例孕妇感染HCV（不确定范围为660 - 1850例），患病率为0.16%（0.09 - 0.25%）。根据报告的HCV母婴传播率，这意味着每年约有70例儿童感染HCV。
