Webb V, Holmes A
Turner Rise Consulting Rooms, Colchester, Essex, UK.
BJU Int. 2000 Dec;86(9):996-1000. doi: 10.1046/j.1464-410x.2000.00971.x.
To determine the perceptions of healthcare professionals and the general public about the symptoms, diagnosis and available treatment of urological cancers, and thus the perceived value of screening for their early detection.
Two questionnaires were developed, based on semi-structured interviews, and distributed to 288 healthcare professionals, comprising 182 general practitioners (GPs), 56 practice nurses and 50 urology nurses, and to 250 members of the general public in three different socio-economic groups. The questionnaires asked about the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of prostate, bladder and testicular cancer, and whether the respondents considered that screening for these cancers would be useful in ameliorating morbidity or death from these diseases.
The response rate was very poor (13 of the GPs, 7%; 34 of the nurses, 32%; and 58 members of the general public, 23%). This severely limited the interpretation of the results, but the responses highlighted areas which need addressing. Obvious symptoms were well understood by all the groups but less well-known symptoms could be missed. No GP supported screening for prostate cancer and only seven of the GPs believed in teaching testicular self-examination, but practice nurses were considerably more active in all aspects of patient education. The general public felt that they needed more information to make decisions about urological cancers, although there was a general feeling that 'screening saved lives'.
This survey showed that no healthcare professional seems to have a clearly defined role in informing potential patients about screening. The general public, who seem to perceive from the media that early detection is beneficial, are confused by the lack of clarity about policies for urological cancers.
确定医疗保健专业人员和普通公众对泌尿系统癌症的症状、诊断及现有治疗方法的看法，从而确定癌症早期检测筛查的感知价值。
基于半结构化访谈设计了两份问卷，分发给288名医疗保健专业人员，包括182名全科医生（GP）、56名执业护士和50名泌尿外科护士，以及来自三个不同社会经济群体的250名普通公众。问卷询问了前列腺癌、膀胱癌和睾丸癌的症状、诊断和治疗情况，以及受访者是否认为对这些癌症进行筛查有助于降低这些疾病的发病率或死亡率。
回复率很低（13名全科医生，7%；34名护士，32%；58名普通公众，23%）。这严重限制了对结果的解读，但回复突出了需要解决的领域。所有群体都对明显症状有很好的理解，但不太知名的症状可能会被遗漏。没有全科医生支持前列腺癌筛查，只有7名全科医生相信教授睾丸自我检查，但执业护士在患者教育的各个方面都更为积极。普通公众觉得他们需要更多信息来做出关于泌尿系统癌症的决策，尽管普遍认为“筛查能挽救生命”。
这项调查表明，在向潜在患者宣传筛查方面，似乎没有医疗保健专业人员有明确界定的角色。普通公众似乎从媒体上得知早期检测有益，但因泌尿系统癌症政策缺乏明确性而感到困惑。
