Christensen A V, Nielsen I M
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1979 Apr 11;62(2):111-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00427122.
Single and repeated administration of neuroleptics induce supersensitivity to dopamine agonists like apomorphine and methylphenidate. The degree of this supersensitivity depends on the period of the preceding administration of the neuroleptic. In the development phase additional administration of apomorphine can reverse the hyperdopaminergic behaviour, whereas addition of cholinergic/anticholinergic treatment does not modify the enhanced receptor response. In the supersensitivity phase additional treatment with deanol does not modify the supersensitivity. Pheobarbital, diazepam, and muscimol increase and cis (Z)-flupenthixol decreases the supersensitivity. It is concluded that supersensitivity induced by neuroleptics is time-dependent and that it can be prevented by additional treatment with DA-agonists but not by cholinergic/anticholinergic treatment. In the supersensitivity phase, the syndrome is suppressed by dopamine antagonists but enhanced by GABA-agonists, benzodiazepine and phenobarbital.
单次及重复给予抗精神病药物会诱导对多巴胺激动剂（如阿扑吗啡和哌醋甲酯）的超敏反应。这种超敏反应的程度取决于之前给予抗精神病药物的时长。在发育阶段，额外给予阿扑吗啡可逆转高多巴胺能行为，而添加胆碱能/抗胆碱能治疗并不能改变增强的受体反应。在超敏阶段，额外给予二甲氨基乙醇并不能改变超敏反应。苯巴比妥、地西泮和蝇蕈醇会增强超敏反应，而顺式（Z）-氟哌噻吨会降低超敏反应。得出的结论是，抗精神病药物诱导的超敏反应具有时间依赖性，并且可以通过额外给予多巴胺激动剂来预防，但不能通过胆碱能/抗胆碱能治疗来预防。在超敏阶段，该综合征可被多巴胺拮抗剂抑制，但可被GABA激动剂、苯二氮䓬类药物和苯巴比妥增强。
