Schaaf D, Scragg R, Metcalf P, Grant C, Buchanan J
Department of Community Health, University of Auckland.
N Z Med J. 2000 Aug 25;113(1116):347-50.
To determine the frequency of iron deficiency and anaemia in high school students.
The survey was carried out at eight Auckland high schools with a high proportion (> or =15%) of Pacific Islands students. All students in Forms 5-7 at these schools were invited to participate, and 1644 students (Pacific Island 765, Asian 350, European 295, Maori 234) had iron assessments (response rate 61%). Iron deficiency was defined as any two (or more) of the following, three: serum ferritin <12 microg/L, iron saturation <14%, or red cell distribution width >14.5%. Anaemia was defined as haemoglobin <120 g/L for females and <130 g/L for males.
Iron deficiency and anaemia were each ten times more common in girls (18.3% and 11.5%, respectively) than boys (1.5% and 1.4%). In females, iron deficiency was two to three times more common in Maori (25.6%), Pacific Islanders (20.9%) and Asians (15.4%) compared with Europeans (8.3 %), while anaemia was three to four times more common in Asians (15.9%), Pacific Islanders (12.1%) and Maori (11.2%) compared with Europeans (4.2%). Iron deficiency and anaemia prevalences were inversely associated with aerobic fitness, but not with age or years since menarche.
Prevalences of iron deficiency and anaemia are high in non-European female adolescents in Auckland, for reasons currently unknown.
确定高中生缺铁和贫血的发生率。
在奥克兰的八所太平洋岛屿学生比例较高（≥15%）的高中开展此项调查。邀请这些学校所有5至7年级的学生参与，1644名学生（太平洋岛屿学生765名、亚洲学生350名、欧洲学生295名、毛利学生234名）接受了铁评估（应答率61%）。缺铁定义为以下三项中的任意两项（或更多）：血清铁蛋白<12μg/L、铁饱和度<14%或红细胞分布宽度>14.5%。贫血定义为女性血红蛋白<120g/L，男性血红蛋白<130g/L。
缺铁和贫血在女孩中的发生率（分别为18.3%和11.5%）均是男孩（分别为1.5%和1.4%）的10倍。在女性中，与欧洲人（8.3%）相比，缺铁在毛利人（25.6%）、太平洋岛民（20.9%）和亚洲人（15.4%）中更为常见，是欧洲人的两到三倍，而贫血在亚洲人（15.9%）、太平洋岛民（12.1%）和毛利人（11.2%）中比欧洲人（4.2%）更为常见，是欧洲人的三到四倍。缺铁和贫血的患病率与有氧适能呈负相关，但与年龄或初潮后的年限无关。
奥克兰非欧洲裔女性青少年缺铁和贫血的患病率较高，原因尚不清楚。
