University of Auckland, New Zealand.
Aust N Z J Public Health. 2010 Feb;34(1):32-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.2010.00470.x.
To compare dietary intakes of European, Māori, Pacific Island and Asian adolescents living in Auckland.
A self-administered food frequency questionnaire was used to assess daily nutrient intakes of 2,549 14- to 21-year-old high-school students in Auckland (1,422 male and 1,127 female) in a cross-sectional survey carried out between 1997 and 1998.
Compared with Europeans, Māori and Pacific Islanders consumed more energy per day. Carbohydrate, protein and fat intakes were higher in Māori and Pacific Islanders than in Europeans. Cholesterol intakes were lowest in Europeans and alcohol intakes were highest in Europeans and Māori. When nutrient intakes were expressed as their percentage contribution to total energy, many ethnic differences in nutrient intakes between Europeans and Māori or Pacific Islanders were eliminated. After adjustment for energy intake and age, Europeans ate the fewest eggs, and Pacific Islanders and Asians ate more servings of chicken and fish, and fewer servings of milk and cereal than Europeans. Compared to Europeans, Pacific Islanders consumed larger portion sizes for nearly every food item.
There were marked differences in nutrient intakes between Pacific, Māori, Asian and European adolescents. Ethnic differences in food selections, frequency of food servings and portion sizes contribute to the differences in nutrient intakes between these ethnic groups. These differences generally matched those of other studies in children and adults from these ethnic groups.
Interventions that reduce frequency of food consumption and serving sizes and promote less-fatty food choices in Māori and Pacific adolescents are needed.
比较生活在奥克兰的欧洲裔、毛利裔、太平洋岛裔和亚裔青少年的饮食摄入情况。
在 1997 年至 1998 年期间进行的一项横断面调查中，使用自我管理的食物频率问卷评估了奥克兰 2549 名 14 至 21 岁高中生（男性 1422 名，女性 1127 名）的日常营养素摄入量。
与欧洲裔相比，毛利裔和太平洋岛裔每天摄入的能量更多。毛利裔和太平洋岛裔的碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪摄入量高于欧洲裔。欧洲裔的胆固醇摄入量最低，欧洲裔和毛利裔的酒精摄入量最高。当营养素摄入量以其占总能量的百分比表示时，欧洲裔和毛利裔或太平洋岛裔之间的许多营养素摄入量的种族差异就会消除。在调整能量摄入和年龄后，欧洲人吃的鸡蛋最少，而太平洋岛裔和亚洲人吃的鸡肉和鱼类更多，牛奶和谷类食物更少。与欧洲人相比，太平洋岛裔几乎每一种食物的食用份量都更大。
太平洋岛裔、毛利裔、亚洲裔和欧洲裔青少年的营养素摄入量存在显著差异。食物选择、食物份量的食用频率以及份量大小的种族差异导致了这些族群之间营养素摄入量的差异。这些差异与来自这些族群的其他儿童和成年人的研究结果基本一致。
需要针对毛利裔和太平洋岛裔青少年减少食物消费和份量频率并促进低脂食物选择的干预措施。
