Rothwell N J, Luheshi G N
School of Biological Sciences, 1.124 Stopford Building, University of, M13 9PT, Manchester, UK.
Trends Neurosci. 2000 Dec;23(12):618-25. doi: 10.1016/s0166-2236(00)01661-1.
The cytokine interleukin 1 (IL-1) has diverse actions in the brain. In normal brain the IL-1 system is expressed at low levels and is upregulated rapidly in response to local or peripheral insults. IL-1 mediates host defence responses to local and systemic disease and injury (e.g. fever, slow-wave sleep, appetite suppression and neuroendocrine responses) and to neuroinflammation and cell death in neurodegenerative conditions, such as stroke and head injury. It has also been implicated in chronic degenerative diseases, in particular, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. The mechanisms regulating the expression and action of IL-1 are poorly understood, but involve multiple effects on neuronal, glial and endothelial cell function. Thus, the IL-1 system provides an attractive and intensely competitive target for therapeutic intervention.
细胞因子白细胞介素1（IL-1）在大脑中具有多种作用。在正常大脑中，IL-1系统表达水平较低，在受到局部或外周损伤时会迅速上调。IL-1介导宿主对局部和全身性疾病及损伤（如发热、慢波睡眠、食欲抑制和神经内分泌反应）以及神经退行性疾病（如中风和头部损伤）中的神经炎症和细胞死亡的防御反应。它还与慢性退行性疾病有关，特别是多发性硬化症、帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病。调节IL-1表达和作用的机制尚不清楚，但涉及对神经元、神经胶质细胞和内皮细胞功能的多种影响。因此，IL-1系统为治疗干预提供了一个有吸引力且竞争激烈的靶点。
