Allan S M, Pinteaux E
School Of Biological Sciences, University Of Manchester, 1.124 Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
Curr Drug Targets CNS Neurol Disord. 2003 Oct;2(5):293-302. doi: 10.2174/1568007033482742.
Inflammatory processes in the brain have been implicated in both acute and chronic neurodegenerative disease. One of the most studied inflammatory mediators in this respect is the cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1), which has diverse actions in the central nervous system and mediates a wide variety of effects, including the host defense responses to local and systemic disease and injury. Both pre-clinical and clinical data suggest a role for IL-1 as a key mediator of cell death in acute neurodegenerative conditions, such as stroke and head injury. IL-1 has also been implicated in a number of chronic diseases, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, as well as in epilepsy. Constitutive expression of IL-1 is very low in normal brain, but is up-regulated rapidly in response to local or peripheral insults. The mechanisms regulating the expression IL-1 are not well defined, but appear to involve multiple effects on neuronal, glial and endothelial cell function. Therefore, the IL-1 system represents an attractive and intensely competitive therapeutic target.
大脑中的炎症过程与急性和慢性神经退行性疾病均有关联。在这方面研究最多的炎症介质之一是细胞因子白细胞介素-1（IL-1），它在中枢神经系统中具有多种作用，并介导多种效应，包括机体对局部和全身性疾病及损伤的防御反应。临床前和临床数据均表明，IL-1在急性神经退行性疾病（如中风和头部损伤）中作为细胞死亡的关键介质发挥作用。IL-1还与包括帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病在内的多种慢性疾病以及癫痫有关。在正常大脑中，IL-1的组成性表达非常低，但在受到局部或外周损伤时会迅速上调。调节IL-1表达的机制尚未明确，但似乎涉及对神经元、神经胶质细胞和内皮细胞功能的多种影响。因此，IL-1系统是一个有吸引力且竞争激烈的治疗靶点。
