Opiate antagonists in children and adolescents.

Naltrexone a pure opioid antagonist, well tolerated in young patients, has been found to be an interesting treatment in some disorders in children and adolescents. Naltrexone has been first tried in mental retardation and autism disorders in children and adolescents. Symptoms like self-injury behaviours, hyperactivity, stereotyped and ritualistic conducts appear to be improved in a subgroup of children with the opiate antagonist. But new controlled studies still need to be done before recommending naltrexone in autism. Preliminary results in the treatment of alcoholic adolescents seem to support the efficacy of naltrexone on abstinence when combined with a supportive psychotherapy. In adults, results found with the use of naltrexone in eating disorders are different, when considering the duration and the dosage of the treatment and the kind of eating disorder (bulimia, binge eating or anorexia nervosa). Studies in children and adolescents are needed before proposing naltrexone in eating disorders. We resumed here the results found with this treatment in these indications.