Chabane N, Leboyer M, Mouren-Simeoni M C
Service de Psychopathologie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, H pital Robert Debré, Paris, France.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000;9 Suppl 1:I44-50. doi: 10.1007/s007870070018.
Naltrexone a pure opioid antagonist, well tolerated in young patients, has been found to be an interesting treatment in some disorders in children and adolescents. Naltrexone has been first tried in mental retardation and autism disorders in children and adolescents. Symptoms like self-injury behaviours, hyperactivity, stereotyped and ritualistic conducts appear to be improved in a subgroup of children with the opiate antagonist. But new controlled studies still need to be done before recommending naltrexone in autism. Preliminary results in the treatment of alcoholic adolescents seem to support the efficacy of naltrexone on abstinence when combined with a supportive psychotherapy. In adults, results found with the use of naltrexone in eating disorders are different, when considering the duration and the dosage of the treatment and the kind of eating disorder (bulimia, binge eating or anorexia nervosa). Studies in children and adolescents are needed before proposing naltrexone in eating disorders. We resumed here the results found with this treatment in these indications.
纳曲酮是一种纯阿片类拮抗剂，在年轻患者中耐受性良好，已被发现是治疗儿童和青少年某些疾病的一种有趣疗法。纳曲酮最初在儿童和青少年的智力障碍和自闭症疾病中进行了试验。在使用阿片类拮抗剂治疗的一部分儿童中，诸如自伤行为、多动、刻板和仪式化行为等症状似乎有所改善。但在将纳曲酮用于自闭症治疗之前，仍需进行新的对照研究。治疗酗酒青少年的初步结果似乎支持纳曲酮与支持性心理治疗联合使用时对戒酒的疗效。在成年人中，考虑到治疗的持续时间、剂量以及饮食失调的类型（贪食症、暴饮暴食或神经性厌食症），使用纳曲酮治疗饮食失调的结果有所不同。在提出将纳曲酮用于饮食失调治疗之前，需要对儿童和青少年进行研究。我们在此总结了该治疗在这些适应症中的研究结果。
