Al-Absi A, Bassili A, Abdul Bary H, Barker A, Daniels M, Munim A, Seita A, Williams B, Dye C
National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Ministry of Public Health and Population, Sana'a, Yemen.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2009 Sep;13(9):1100-5.
Yemen.
To review the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis (TB) in Yemen by conducting a tuberculin survey and by comparing the results obtained with those of a previous tuberculin survey from 1991.
A nationwide tuberculin survey enrolling 31,276 schoolchildren aged between 7 and 12 years.
Skin indurations were recorded for 28,499 schoolchildren, of whom 16,927 (59.4%) had no bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) scar. Analysis of the distribution of indurations was difficult as it did not show any bimodal pattern. Prevalence of infection and annual risk of tuberculosis infection (ARTI) were thus estimated using the mirror image and mixture methods, and not the cut-off point method. The two methods indicated similar results: respectively 0.45% and 0.51% for prevalence of infection, and 0.05% and 0.05% for ARTI. In comparison with the 1991 tuberculin survey, the average annual decline of ARTI was 9.0% by the mirror method and 5.5% by the mixture method.
Yemen seems to have a low ARTI (0.05%), and TB infection seems to be declining considerably. Analysis of the survey results highlighted the limitations of tuberculin surveys in countries with comparable epidemiological situations.
也门。
通过开展结核菌素调查并将所得结果与1991年之前的一次结核菌素调查结果进行比较，以回顾也门结核病的流行病学情况。
一项全国性的结核菌素调查，纳入31276名7至12岁的学童。
对28499名学童记录了皮肤硬结情况，其中16927名（59.4%）没有卡介苗（BCG）瘢痕。由于硬结分布未显示出任何双峰模式，因此难以对其进行分析。于是采用镜像法和混合法而非临界点法来估计感染率和结核病感染年风险（ARTI）。这两种方法得出了相似的结果：感染率分别为0.45%和0.51%，ARTI分别为0.05%和0.05%。与1991年的结核菌素调查相比，通过镜像法得出的ARTI年均下降率为9.0%，通过混合法得出的为5.5%。
也门的ARTI似乎较低（0.05%），并且结核病感染似乎正在大幅下降。对调查结果的分析突出了在具有类似流行病学情况的国家中结核菌素调查的局限性。
