Tuber Lung Dis. 1995 Dec;76(6):522-8.
Spain is one of the few industrialized countries in which reliable official data on the occurrence of tuberculosis are not available.
One of the purposes of the Tuberculosis and Respiratory Infection (TRI) working group established by the Spanish Society of Thoracic Surgery (Sociedad Española de Nuemología y Cirugía Torácica [SEPAR]) in 1988, was to determine the true situation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and active tuberculosis disease in our country.
A questionnaire requesting epidemiological data on tuberculosis was sent to the Departments of Public Health of all the Autonomous Communities in Spain (n = 17) and 60 members of the TRI working group (pneumologists, epidemiologists or microbiologists most actively working in the field of tuberculosis within their corresponding areas of influence). Results obtained for the period 1988 and 1992 were analyzed.
In the 6-year-old group, annual prevalence-of-infection rates were almost 0.95%, with a slight decreasing trend over the study period. In the 14-year-old group, annual figures of around 3% have been registered. The 1992 incidence rates of new cases of tuberculosis and sputum-smear positive tuberculosis were 40 and 21.2 per 100,000, respectively. Frequently distribution by age has shown a similar trend during the study period with a clear predominance in the younger adult age groups. Reliable data in relation to the number of patients with tuberculosis and HIV infection was available in 1992. Of 5290 patients in a population of 16,954,942, there were 792 (15%) with HIV infection.
The current epidemiological situation of tuberculosis in Spain is one of the most unfavourable as compared with epidemiological data from the remaining industrialized countries. Given the lack of a National Programme for Tuberculosis Control, each Autonomous Community should take responsibility for developing and implementing key control activities based on the cure of infectious cases and case-finding.
西班牙是少数几个没有可靠官方结核病发病数据的工业化国家之一。
西班牙胸外科学会（Sociedad Española de Nuemología y Cirugía Torácica [SEPAR]）于1988年成立的结核病与呼吸道感染（TRI）工作组的目的之一，是确定我国结核分枝杆菌感染和活动性结核病的真实情况。
向西班牙所有自治区（n = 17）的公共卫生部门以及TRI工作组的60名成员（在其相应影响领域内最积极从事结核病领域工作的肺病学家、流行病学家或微生物学家）发送了一份询问结核病流行病学数据的问卷。对1988年至1992年期间获得的结果进行了分析。
在6岁组中，年感染患病率几乎为0.95%，在研究期间呈轻微下降趋势。在14岁组中，年感染率约为3%。1992年结核病新发病例和痰涂片阳性结核病的发病率分别为每10万人40例和21.2例。在研究期间，按年龄的频数分布显示出类似趋势，在年轻成年年龄组中明显占主导。1992年有关于结核病患者和艾滋病毒感染人数的可靠数据。在16954942人的人群中有5290名患者，其中792人（15%）感染了艾滋病毒。
与其他工业化国家的流行病学数据相比，西班牙目前的结核病流行病学状况是最不利的之一。鉴于缺乏国家结核病控制规划，每个自治区应负责开展和实施基于治愈传染病病例和发现病例的关键控制活动。
