Pierce M, Ridout D, Harding D, Keen H, Bradley C
Department of Primary Health Care and General Practice, Imperial College School of Medicine, London.
Br J Gen Pract. 2000 Nov;50(460):867-71.
Offspring of people with type 2 diabetes underestimate their risk of developing the disease and know little about primary prevention. However, education about risk might cause psychological harm.
To examine cognitive and psychological effects of education about personal risk.
Patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited from randomly selected general practices. One of their adult offspring was randomly selected and randomly allocated into one of three groups: 1. Group 1: given an initial interview, education, and a final interview; 2. Group 2: given an initial and final interview; and 3. Group 3: given one interview only. Psychological outcomes were assessed using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) and Positive Well-Being Scale (PWB) scores.
Sixty-nine per cent (105/152) of eligible offspring participated. Ninety-one per cent (96/152) completed the study. Comparing first and final interviews, in Group 1, significantly fewer responders at final interview (after education) thought that their risk of developing diabetes was 'low' (65% versus 41%, P = 0.027), while in Group 2, there was no significant change in risk perception (P = 0.13). Significantly fewer people in the educated group (Group 1, final interview) than in the control group (Group 3) thought their risk of developing diabetes was 'low' (41% versus 77%, P = 0.002). Risk education did not affect total HAD scores or PWB scores significantly.
Educating offspring of people with type 2 diabetes in this way about their risk of diabetes and possible preventive strategies increases their perception of personal risk but does not cause psychological harm.
2型糖尿病患者的后代低估了自己患该病的风险，且对一级预防知之甚少。然而，关于风险的教育可能会造成心理伤害。
研究关于个人风险的教育对认知和心理的影响。
从随机选取的普通诊所招募2型糖尿病患者。随机选取他们的一名成年后代，并随机分配到三组中的一组：1. 第1组：接受初次访谈、教育和末次访谈；2. 第2组：接受初次和末次访谈；3. 第3组：仅接受一次访谈。使用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HAD）和积极幸福感量表（PWB）评分评估心理结果。
69%（105/152）符合条件的后代参与了研究。91%（96/152）完成了研究。比较初次和末次访谈，在第1组中，末次访谈（教育后）认为自己患糖尿病风险为“低”的应答者显著减少（65%对41%，P = 0.027），而在第2组中，风险认知无显著变化（P = 0.13）。与对照组（第3组）相比，接受教育组（第1组，末次访谈）中认为自己患糖尿病风险为“低”的人数显著更少（41%对77%，P = 0.002）。风险教育对HAD总分或PWB总分无显著影响。
以这种方式对2型糖尿病患者的后代进行糖尿病风险及可能预防策略的教育，会增加他们对个人风险的认知，但不会造成心理伤害。
