Terpstra A H, Lapré J A, de Vries H T, Beynen A C
Departments of Nutrition and Laboratory Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Ann Nutr Metab. 2000;44(5-6):223-8. doi: 10.1159/000046688.
We fed cholesterol-enriched (1% cholesterol and 0.2% cholic acid) semipurified diets containing either 3% cellulose or psyllium to 2 groups of female Wistar rats for a period of 8 weeks. The feeding of the cholesterol-enriched semipurified diets resulted in a progressive increase in plasma cholesterol levels in both groups during the 8 weeks of the experiment. The rats fed psyllium, however, had significantly lower plasma cholesterol concentrations than the animals fed cellulose throughout the experimental period (at 8 weeks, 8.92 +/- 4.42 and 16.47 +/- 8 mmol/l, respectively, means +/- SD, n = 14, p < 0.01). Most of the plasma cholesterol in both groups at the end of the study was located in the very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) fraction (91%) and differences in total plasma cholesterol concentrations were predominantly reflected in differences in VLDL cholesterol. Plasma triglyceride concentrations were not significantly different between the 2 groups. Liver cholesterol concentrations paralleled the concentrations of plasma cholesterol and were significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the psyllium-fed rats (90.31 +/- 13.81 micromol/g liver) than in the cellulose-fed rats (60.49 +/- 15.25 micromol/g liver). Substitution of psyllium for cellulose resulted in an increase in the excretion of fecal bile acids by 26%, and this increase was predominantly caused by an increased excretion of beta-muricholic acid and the bile acids derived from beta-muricholic acid (omega-muricholic acid and hyodeoxycholic acid).
我们给两组雌性Wistar大鼠喂食富含胆固醇（1%胆固醇和0.2%胆酸）的半纯化饮食，其中一组饮食含3%纤维素，另一组含车前子壳，持续8周。在8周的实验期间，喂食富含胆固醇的半纯化饮食使两组大鼠的血浆胆固醇水平逐渐升高。然而，在整个实验期间，喂食车前子壳的大鼠血浆胆固醇浓度显著低于喂食纤维素的大鼠（8周时，分别为8.92±4.42和16.47±8 mmol/l，均值±标准差，n = 14，p < 0.01）。研究结束时，两组大鼠的大部分血浆胆固醇都位于极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）部分（91%），血浆总胆固醇浓度的差异主要体现在VLDL胆固醇的差异上。两组大鼠的血浆甘油三酯浓度无显著差异。肝脏胆固醇浓度与血浆胆固醇浓度平行，喂食车前子壳的大鼠（90.31±13.81微摩尔/克肝脏）显著低于喂食纤维素的大鼠（60.49±15.25微摩尔/克肝脏）（p < 0.001）。用车前子壳替代纤维素使粪便胆汁酸排泄增加了26%，这种增加主要是由β-鼠胆酸及其衍生的胆汁酸（ω-鼠胆酸和猪去氧胆酸）排泄增加所致。
