Bischof G, Rumpf H J, Hapke U, Meyer C, John U
Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Germany.
J Stud Alcohol. 2000 Nov;61(6):783-6. doi: 10.15288/jsa.2000.61.783.
Data from epidemiological research reveal that most alcohol dependent individuals recover without professional treatment. Little is known, however, about individuals remitting from alcohol dependence without formal help, and almost no data are available with respect to gender differences in natural recovery.
Women (n = 38) and men (n = 106) who remitted from alcohol dependence according to DSM-IV without utilization of formal help (treatment or self-help groups) are compared. A standardized interview assessed reasons for not seeking help, and triggering mechanisms and maintenance factors of remission.
Compared with male subjects, female subjects, prior to remission, experienced lower extents of social pressure to change drinking behavior, drove less often under the influence of alcohol, revealed less satisfaction with different life domains and reported a higher impact of health problems on the remission process. Female subjects also informed fewer individuals about their former drinking problems.
Female and male natural remitters differ in factors that trigger the process as well as the maintenance of natural remission.
流行病学研究数据显示，大多数酒精依赖者在未经专业治疗的情况下康复。然而，对于未经正式帮助就从酒精依赖中缓解的个体知之甚少，而且几乎没有关于自然康复中性别差异的数据。
对根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）在未使用正式帮助（治疗或自助团体）的情况下从酒精依赖中缓解的女性（n = 38）和男性（n = 106）进行比较。通过标准化访谈评估不寻求帮助的原因以及缓解的触发机制和维持因素。
与男性受试者相比，女性受试者在缓解之前，因饮酒行为改变而受到的社会压力较小，在酒精影响下驾车的频率较低，对不同生活领域的满意度较低，并且报告健康问题对缓解过程的影响更大。女性受试者也较少向他人提及自己以前的饮酒问题。
女性和男性自然缓解者在触发自然缓解过程以及维持该过程的因素方面存在差异。
