Li C, Johnson N P, Leopard K
Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 270 Farber Hall, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
J Health Soc Policy. 2001;13(2):41-59. doi: 10.1300/j045v13n02_03.
Few data are available concerning the risk factors for depression among adolescents living in group homes. Two hundred fifty-nine adolescents ranging in age from 10 years to 20 years (median age of 15 years) residing in South Carolina group homes were interviewed for symptoms of depression and characteristics including demographics, personal history, family dynamics, academic performance, and social network. Of the study population, 47 percent are female. Population ethnicity is 64.9 percent Anglo-American and 29.1 percent African-American. Among these adolescents, 74.5 percent had clinical depression defined as a total Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) score of 16 or more which is much greater than population-based estimates of 0.4 to 8.3 percent. Using a total CES-D score of 23 or more, 42.9 percent of the adolescents had severe depression. Among adolescents who were clinically depressed, gender had an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 4.24 with a 95 percent confidence interval (CI) of 1.44 and 12.51. History of suicide attempts had an OR of 4.97 with a 95 percent CI of 1.04 and 23.75. However, among severely depressed adolescents, only gender was a significant risk factor (AOR = 6.92, 95 percent CI = 2.91, 16.42). Careful screening of all depressed adolescents in group homes for suicide attempts is indicated, especially among females, and when identified, the adolescent should receive suicide prevention counseling.
关于生活在集体家庭中的青少年抑郁症风险因素的数据很少。对居住在南卡罗来纳州集体家庭中的259名年龄在10岁至20岁（中位年龄15岁）的青少年进行了访谈，了解他们的抑郁症状以及包括人口统计学、个人史、家庭动态、学业成绩和社交网络等特征。在研究人群中，47%为女性。人口种族构成是64.9%为英裔美国人，29.1%为非裔美国人。在这些青少年中，74.5%患有临床抑郁症，定义为流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES - D）总分达到或超过16分，这远高于基于人群估计的0.4%至8.3%。使用CES - D总分23分及以上的标准，42.9%的青少年患有重度抑郁症。在临床诊断为抑郁的青少年中，性别调整后的优势比（AOR）为4.24，95%置信区间（CI）为1.44至12.51。自杀未遂史的优势比为4.97，95%置信区间为1.04至23.75。然而，在重度抑郁的青少年中，只有性别是一个显著的风险因素（AOR = 6.92，95% CI = 2.91，16.42）。建议对集体家庭中所有抑郁的青少年进行仔细的自杀未遂筛查，尤其是女性，一旦发现，该青少年应接受自杀预防咨询。
