Warchalewski J R, Pradzynska A, Gralik J, Nawrot J
August Cieszkowski Agricultural University, Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis, Poznan, Poland.
Nahrung. 2000 Dec;44(6):411-4. doi: 10.1002/1521-3803(20001201)44:6<411::AID-FOOD411>3.0.CO;2-L.
Wheat grain was treated with different doses of gamma irradiation or different times of microwaves. Gamma rays (0.05-10 kGy) caused statistically significant differences in soluble protein contents and kernel hardness. Microwave treatment (15-180 s) resulted in some statistically significant changes in moisture and soluble protein contents. Mortality, intensity of feeding, fertility of adults, progeny number and development time of larvae of the granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius L.) on treated grain were observed. On the basis of progeny number and larval development time the coefficient of food value (CFV) was calculated. Some statistical differences were stated in studied parameters, however no one in all calculated coefficients of food values. The same treated grain was also used as a food for larvae of the confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum Duv.) and Mediterranean flour moth (Ephestia kuehniella Zell.). Mortality of larvae and their development time were studied. Only gamma irradiated wheat grain at the dose 0.1 kGy used as a food for larvae of T. confusum Duv. caused statistically significant extension of development time by 7 days, when comparing to the control food. On the other hand, microwave treatment of wheat grain used as food significantly shorten the development time of larvae in both species.
小麦籽粒用不同剂量的伽马射线辐照或不同时长的微波处理。伽马射线（0.05 - 10千戈瑞）使可溶性蛋白含量和籽粒硬度产生了具有统计学意义的差异。微波处理（15 - 180秒）导致水分和可溶性蛋白含量出现了一些具有统计学意义的变化。观察了谷象（Sitophilus granarius L.）在经处理的谷物上的死亡率、取食强度、成虫繁殖力、后代数量和幼虫发育时间。根据后代数量和幼虫发育时间计算了食物价值系数（CFV）。在所研究的参数中存在一些统计学差异，但在所有计算出的食物价值系数中均未发现差异。同样经处理的谷物也被用作杂拟谷盗（Tribolium confusum Duv.）和地中海粉螟（Ephestia kuehniella Zell.）幼虫的食物。研究了幼虫的死亡率及其发育时间。与对照食物相比，仅0.1千戈瑞剂量的伽马射线辐照小麦籽粒用作杂拟谷盗幼虫的食物时，使发育时间在统计学上显著延长了7天。另一方面，用作食物的经微波处理的小麦籽粒显著缩短了两个物种幼虫的发育时间。
