纽约西部小学年龄段儿童的哮喘患病率。
The prevalence of asthma in children of elementary school age in western New York.
作者信息
Lwebuga-Mukasa J S, Dunn-Georgiou E
机构信息
Center for Asthma and Environmental Exposure, Department of Internal Medicine, SUNY at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, NY 14203, USA.
出版信息
J Urban Health. 2000 Dec;77(4):745-61. doi: 10.1007/BF02344035.
To determine the prevalence of caregiver-reported asthma in children 4 to 13 years old in metropolitan western New York State, surveys were conducted during 1997-1999 in the Buffalo, Niagara Falls, Iroquois, and Gowanda school systems. Questionnaires (3,889) were sent to the homes of elementary school children in nine schools in western New York. The caregivers were asked to complete a 13-item questionnaire for the child. Of the questionnaires, 60.5% (2,353/3,889) were completed. Of all children, 18% had physician-diagnosed asthma. Of children diagnosed with asthma, 86% were taking medication. Symptoms were consistent with suspected undiagnosed asthma for 13% of the children. Buffalo had the highest rate of diagnosed asthma (20%) for the age group. Gowanda had a prevalence of 18%, Iroquois 16%, and Niagara Falls 15%. Variations were observed in asthma prevalence rates among different racial/ethnic groups. In general, boys had a significantly (P = .001) increased odds of being asthmatic compared with girls. Overall, African-Americans and Hispanic/Latino children had significantly (P = .012 and P = .005, respectively) higher asthma prevalence rates, two to five times those of their Caucasian peers. In Gowanda, the prevalence of diagnosed asthma among Native American children was 23%, compared to 15% among Caucasian children. Of diagnosed Native American children, 71% were female. In Gowanda, a significant association (P = .007) of asthma among children in split-grade classes was observed compared to nonsplit grades. Of Native American children in split grades, 60% were diagnosed asthmatics. These observations reveal a high prevalence of asthma in the age group of 4 to 13 year olds in western New York. Local variations in potential triggers of asthma need to be considered when advising asthmatics. The results suggest that some grades have a disproportionate amount of children with asthma. The implications of asthma for children's early education need to be examined further.
为确定纽约州西部大都市地区4至13岁儿童中照护者报告的哮喘患病率，于1997 - 1999年期间在布法罗、尼亚加拉瀑布、易洛魁和戈万达的学校系统开展了调查。向纽约州西部9所学校的小学生家庭发放了3889份调查问卷。要求照护者为孩子填写一份包含13个条目的问卷。其中，60.5%（2353/3889）的问卷被填完。在所有儿童中，18%有医生诊断的哮喘。在被诊断为哮喘的儿童中，86%正在接受药物治疗。13%的儿童症状与疑似未诊断哮喘相符。布法罗该年龄组的哮喘诊断率最高（20%）。戈万达的患病率为18%，易洛魁为16%，尼亚加拉瀑布为15%。不同种族/族裔群体的哮喘患病率存在差异。总体而言，与女孩相比，男孩患哮喘的几率显著增加（P = 0.001）。总体而言，非裔美国人和西班牙裔/拉丁裔儿童的哮喘患病率显著更高（分别为P = 0.012和P = 0.005），是其白人同龄人的两到五倍。在戈万达，美国原住民儿童的哮喘诊断患病率为23%，而白人儿童为15%。在被诊断为哮喘的美国原住民儿童中，71%为女性。在戈万达，与非混合年级相比，观察到混合年级儿童哮喘之间存在显著关联（P = 0.007）。在混合年级的美国原住民儿童中，60%被诊断为哮喘患者。这些观察结果显示纽约州西部4至13岁年龄组哮喘患病率很高。在为哮喘患者提供建议时，需要考虑哮喘潜在触发因素的局部差异。结果表明，某些年级患哮喘的儿童数量不成比例。哮喘对儿童早期教育的影响需要进一步研究。
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