Noterdaeme M, Sitter S, Mildenberger K, Amorosa H
Heckscher Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, München.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000 Dec;9(4):295-300. doi: 10.1007/s007870070033.
Children with autism and children with a severe specific receptive language disorder both show clear deficits in communicative language skills and in social relationships. In this study the usefulness of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) in the differential diagnosis between these two groups of developmentally impaired children is assessed. 11 children with early infantile autism and 20 children with a specific receptive language disorder participated in the study. 18 children with an expressive language disorder were used as a control group. The ADOS was individually administered to all children by the same examiner. The results showed that on most of the ADOS measures the autistic children were clearly more deviant than the language impaired children. There were no significant differences between the two groups of language impaired children. Eight out of 11 autistic children reached the defined cut-off values on the measures "language and communication" and "social interaction" of the ADOS algorithm, whereas only three autistic children did so on the measure "stereotyped behaviour". None of the language-impaired children reached the cut-off values on more than one measure. The ADOS allowed for good assessment of certain types of behaviour. However, to confirm the diagnosis of infantile autism, additional information from parents is required.
患有自闭症的儿童和患有严重特定接受性语言障碍的儿童在交流语言技能和社会关系方面均表现出明显缺陷。在本研究中，评估了自闭症诊断观察量表（ADOS）在这两组发育障碍儿童鉴别诊断中的效用。11名早期婴儿自闭症儿童和20名特定接受性语言障碍儿童参与了该研究。18名表达性语言障碍儿童作为对照组。由同一名检查者对所有儿童单独实施ADOS。结果显示，在ADOS的大多数测量指标上，自闭症儿童比语言障碍儿童的偏差明显更大。两组语言障碍儿童之间无显著差异。11名自闭症儿童中有8名在ADOS算法的“语言与交流”和“社会互动”测量指标上达到了规定的临界值，而在“刻板行为”测量指标上只有3名自闭症儿童达到临界值。没有一名语言障碍儿童在超过一项测量指标上达到临界值。ADOS能够很好地评估某些类型的行为。然而，要确诊婴儿自闭症，还需要来自家长的额外信息。
