Nnoruka E N, Agu C E
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, UNEC, Enugu, Nigeria.
Trop Doct. 2001 Jan;31(1):15-8. doi: 10.1177/004947550103100105.
Currently, several topical scabicides are available but there is yet no oral or parenteral drug which has been established for the treatment of scabies in Nigeria. Ivermectin which is a modified avermectin, known to be an ectoparasiticidal agent in animals, has been used in adults for systemic parasitosis. In Nigeria, 25% benzyl benzoate is being extensively used for the treatment of scabies in adults. It is effective and readily available. The present study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ivermectin in the treatment of patients with scabies at the skin clinic of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu. Fifty-eight patients with scabies were recruited for the study; 13 (22.4%) were children aged between 5-14 years. Oral ivermectin was given in a single dose of 200 [microg/kg body weight to 29 patients. The remaining 29 patients had to apply 25% benzyl benzoate emulsion. All patients received a full physical and dermatological examination prior to onset of treatment and weekly for 4 weeks. Skin scrapings were taken to confirm the diagnosis of scabies. There was a 93% resolution of pruritus with ivermectin and 48% with benzyl benzoate. No side effects were observed with ivermectin. Our results show that oral ivermectin is a promising, effective and safe alternative in both children and adults of Nigeria when compared to 25% benzyl benzoate topical application.
目前，有几种外用杀疥虫剂可供使用，但在尼日利亚，尚未有已确定用于治疗疥疮的口服或肠胃外用药。伊维菌素是一种改良的阿维菌素，已知在动物中是一种杀外寄生虫剂，已用于成人的全身性寄生虫病治疗。在尼日利亚，25%苯甲酸苄酯被广泛用于治疗成人疥疮。它有效且易于获得。本研究旨在评估伊维菌素在尼日利亚大学教学医院埃努古分校皮肤诊所治疗疥疮患者的疗效和安全性。58名疥疮患者被招募参加该研究；13名（22.4%）为5至14岁的儿童。29名患者口服单剂量200μg/kg体重的伊维菌素。其余29名患者必须涂抹25%苯甲酸苄酯乳剂。所有患者在治疗开始前接受全面的体格和皮肤科检查，并在4周内每周检查一次。采集皮肤刮片以确诊疥疮。伊维菌素治疗后瘙痒缓解率为93%，苯甲酸苄酯为48%。未观察到伊维菌素有副作用。我们的结果表明，与外用25%苯甲酸苄酯相比，口服伊维菌素在尼日利亚儿童和成人中是一种有前景、有效且安全的替代药物。
