Rico-Méndez F G, Barquera S, Cabrera D A, Escobedo S, Ochoa L G, Massey-Reynaud L F
Pneumology Department, Gaudencio González Garza General Hospital, Mexican Social Security Institute, Morelos, Mexico City.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2000 Nov-Dec;10(6):334-41.
Cost trends for bronchial asthma have not been previously estimated in Mexico. The increasing prevalence of bronchial asthma as well as its elevated costs make it necessary to expand the availability of information for health planners. This is a growing problem which has been given little attention in national health reports. We did a descriptive, retrospective analysis using national data from the Mexican Institute for Social Security. We estimated the number of medical consultations provided by the state family medicine and specialty areas. A total of 756,843 consultations due to bronchial asthma were provided between 1991 and 1996 in the service areas under study. The healthcare expenditure for bronchial asthma showed an ascending and sustained trend during the study period. When analyzing the trends by type of service, a significant increase in in-hospital care was observed, ranging from US $14.5 (1991) to $19.8 (1996) million and a maximum of $28.4 (1994) million. A similar increase was found in specialty consultation, from $3.96 (1991) to $8.5 (1996) million; in emergencies, from $1. 1 (1991) to $2.9 (1996) million; and family medicine, from $0.66 (1991) to $0.79 (1996) million. Bronchial asthma follows the same pattern as other noncommunicable chronic diseases, increasing in highly urbanized areas and nationwide. In order to improve healthcare and maximize results with scarce resources, a set of strategies is presented to reduce bronchial asthma recurrence, decrease healthcare costs, and improve quality of life.
墨西哥此前尚未对支气管哮喘的成本趋势进行过估算。支气管哮喘患病率的上升及其高昂的成本使得有必要为卫生规划者提供更多信息。这是一个日益严重的问题，但在国家卫生报告中却很少受到关注。我们利用墨西哥社会保障局的全国数据进行了描述性回顾性分析。我们估算了国家家庭医学和专科领域提供的医疗咨询次数。在1991年至1996年期间，在所研究的服务区域共提供了756,843次因支气管哮喘而进行的咨询。在研究期间，支气管哮喘的医疗支出呈上升且持续的趋势。按服务类型分析趋势时，观察到住院护理显著增加，从1991年的1450万美元增至1996年的1980万美元，最高达到1994年的2840万美元。专科咨询也有类似增长，从1991年的396万美元增至1996年的850万美元；急诊方面，从1991年的110万美元增至1996年的290万美元；家庭医学方面，从1991年的66万美元增至1996年的79万美元。支气管哮喘与其他非传染性慢性病模式相同，在高度城市化地区和全国范围内都呈上升趋势。为了改善医疗保健并以稀缺资源实现最大效果，我们提出了一系列策略，以减少支气管哮喘复发、降低医疗成本并提高生活质量。
