Kim S, Stair E L, Lochmiller R L, Rafferty D P, Schroder J L, Basta N T, Lish J W, Qualls C W
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA.
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2001 Jan 26;62(2):107-25. doi: 10.1080/009841001455526.
Fluoride has been identified as a ubiquitous contaminant of soils where petrochemical wastes have been disposed. The purpose of this study was to assess how widespread toxicity risks are to resident vertebrates from chronic exposure to fluoride in the soil of petrochemical-contaminated waste sites. In total, 573 wild cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) were examined. The rats that were seasonally collected from 12 contaminated and 12 ecologically matched reference sites across Oklahoma over a 3-yr period. The risks of cotton rats exposed to fluoride were analyzed by means of gross examination, histopathology, and scanning electron microscopy of rat incisors. Cotton rats from reference sites showed no pathologic changes in incisors (98%). In comparison, 46% of cotton rats from contaminated sites had various degrees of dental lesions. The prevalence and severity of dental lesions in cotton rats from contaminated sites were significantly influenced by season. There was a 45% increase in prevalence and a 65% increase in severity of dental lesions from summer to winter. This study demonstrated that cotton rats are very sensitive biomonitors for assessing toxicity risks from soils contaminated with fluoride and that such assessments should consider seasonal influences.
氟化物已被确认为石化废物处置场地土壤中普遍存在的污染物。本研究的目的是评估石化污染废物场地土壤中氟化物的长期暴露对当地脊椎动物造成的毒性风险有多普遍。总共检查了573只野生棉鼠（刚毛囊鼠）。这些老鼠是在3年时间里从俄克拉荷马州的12个受污染场地和12个生态匹配的参考场地按季节收集的。通过对大鼠门牙进行大体检查、组织病理学检查和扫描电子显微镜检查，分析了棉鼠接触氟化物的风险。来自参考场地的棉鼠门牙未出现病理变化（9�%）。相比之下，来自受污染场地的棉鼠中有46%有不同程度的牙齿病变。受污染场地棉鼠牙齿病变的发生率和严重程度受季节影响显著。从夏季到冬季，牙齿病变的发生率增加了45%，严重程度增加了65%。本研究表明，棉鼠是评估氟化物污染土壤毒性风险的非常敏感的生物监测指标，并且此类评估应考虑季节影响。
