Irigoyen J P, Muñoz-Cánoves P, Montero L, Koziczak M, Nagamine Y
Friedrich Miescher Institute, Basel, Switzerland.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 1999 Oct 1;56(1-2):104-32. doi: 10.1007/pl00000615.
The regulation of plasminogen activation involves genes for two plasminogen activators (tissue type and urokinase type), two specific inhibitors (type 1 and type 2), and a membrane-anchored urokinase-type plasminogen-activator-specific receptor. This system plays an important role in various biological processes involving extracellular proteolysis. Recent studies have revealed that the system, through interplay with integrins and the extracellular matrix protein vitronectin, is also involved in the regulation of cell migration and proliferation in a manner independent of proteolytic activity. The genes are expressed in many different cell types and their expression is under the control of diverse extracellular signals. Gene expression reflects the levels of the corresponding mRNA, which should be the net result of synthesis and degradation. Thus, modulation of mRNA stability is an important factor in overall regulation. This review summarizes current understanding of the biology and regulation of genes involved in plasminogen activation at different levels.
纤溶酶原激活的调节涉及两种纤溶酶原激活剂（组织型和尿激酶型）、两种特异性抑制剂（1型和2型）以及一种膜锚定的尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂特异性受体的基因。该系统在涉及细胞外蛋白水解的各种生物学过程中发挥重要作用。最近的研究表明，该系统通过与整合素和细胞外基质蛋白玻连蛋白相互作用，还以独立于蛋白水解活性的方式参与细胞迁移和增殖的调节。这些基因在许多不同的细胞类型中表达，其表达受多种细胞外信号的控制。基因表达反映了相应mRNA的水平，而mRNA水平应该是合成和降解的净结果。因此，mRNA稳定性的调节是整体调节中的一个重要因素。本综述总结了目前对纤溶酶原激活相关基因在不同水平上的生物学和调节的理解。
