Nadeau J, Koski K G, Strychar I, Yale J F
School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Diabetes Care. 2001 Feb;24(2):222-7. doi: 10.2337/diacare.24.2.222.
To determine whether teaching free-living subjects with type 2 diabetes how to incorporate added sugars or sweets into their daily meal plan results in a greater consumption of calories (fat or sugar) and deteriorates their glycemic or lipid profiles but improves their perceived quality of life.
In an 8-month randomized controlled trial, 48 free-living subjects with type 2 diabetes were taught either a conventional (C) meal plan (no concentrated sweets) or one permitting as much as 10% of total energy as added sugars or sweets (S). Mean individual nutrient intake was determined using the average of six 24-h telephone recalls per 4 months. Metabolic control and quality of life were evaluated every 2 months. Quality of life was assessed using the Medical Outcome Survey and the Diabetes Quality of Life questionnaire.
The S group did not consume more calories (fat or sugar) and in fact ate significantly less carbohydrate (-15 vs. 10 g) and less starch (-7 vs. 8 g) and had a tendency to eat fewer calories (-77 vs. 81 kcal) than the C group. Weight remained stable, and there was no evidence that consuming more sugar worsened metabolic profile or improved their perceived quality of life.
Giving individuals with type 2 diabetes the freedom to include sugar in their daily meal plan had no negative impact on dietary habits or metabolic control. Health professionals can be reassured and encouraged to teach the new "sugar guidelines," because doing so may result in a more conscientious carbohydrate consumption.
确定教导2型糖尿病的非住院患者如何将添加糖或甜食纳入其日常饮食计划是否会导致更多的热量（脂肪或糖）摄入，使其血糖或血脂状况恶化，但能改善他们所感知的生活质量。
在一项为期8个月的随机对照试验中，48名2型糖尿病非住院患者被教导采用传统（C）饮食计划（不含浓缩甜食）或允许添加糖或甜食占总能量10%的饮食计划（S）。每4个月通过6次24小时电话饮食回顾的平均值来确定个体平均营养素摄入量。每2个月评估一次代谢控制和生活质量。使用医学结果调查和糖尿病生活质量问卷评估生活质量。
S组没有摄入更多的热量（脂肪或糖），实际上碳水化合物摄入量显著减少（-15克对10克），淀粉摄入量也减少（-7克对8克），并且与C组相比有摄入更少热量的趋势（-77千卡对81千卡）。体重保持稳定，没有证据表明摄入更多糖会使代谢状况恶化或改善他们所感知的生活质量。
给予2型糖尿病患者在日常饮食计划中加入糖的自由，对饮食习惯或代谢控制没有负面影响。健康专业人员可以放心并受到鼓励去传授新的“糖指南”，因为这样做可能会使碳水化合物的摄入更加合理。
