Achee N L, Korves C T, Bangs M J, Rejmankova E, Lege M, Curtin D, Lenares H, Alonzo Y, Andre R G, Roberts D R
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA.
J Vector Ecol. 2000 Dec;25(2):203-11.
Eight species of Anopheles mosquitoes from indoor/outdoor human landing collections in Belize, Central America, were examined for human Plasmodium circumsporozoite protein (CSP) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 14 of 9,104 females tested were positive from general surveys throughout Belize and three of 11,966 were positive from a longitudinal study in Caledonia, northern Belize. ELISA results, using pooled head-thorax preparations and species-specific monoclonal antibodies directed against the circumsporozoite proteins of Plasmodium falciparum and two Plasmodium vivax polymorphs (210 and VK247), found four species reactive: Anopheles vestitipennis (3 pools), Anopheles darlingi (2 pools), Anopheles albimanus (10 pools), and Anopheles gabaldoni (2 pools). The minimum field infection rates (MFIR) for combined Plasmodium species from the general survey were 0.282% for An. vestitipennis, 0.271% for An. darlingi, 0.126% for An. albimanus, and 0.395% for An. gabaldoni. MFIRs for combined Plasmodium species from the longitudinal study in the village of Caledonia were 0.018% for both An. vestitipennis and An. albimanus and 1.66% for An. gabaldoni. Positive CSP pools were collected from the Cayo, Corozal, Orange Walk, Stann Creek, and Toledo political districts. No CSP positive pools were detected from collections in the Belize District. The study provides valuable information on the spatial distribution and species type of Plasmodium positive mosquitoes. This information, in combination with other vector data, suggest that An. vestitipennis and An. darlingi are commonly involved in malaria transmission. Additionally, these species appear to be much more efficient vectors than An. albimanus in Belize.
在中美洲伯利兹，通过室内/室外人饵诱捕收集了8种按蚊，利用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）检测其是否携带人疟原虫环孢子蛋白（CSP）。在伯利兹进行的全面调查中，9104只接受检测的雌性按蚊中有14只呈阳性，在伯利兹北部卡利多尼亚进行的一项纵向研究中，11966只中有3只呈阳性。ELISA检测结果显示，使用合并的头胸部样本以及针对恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫两种多态型（210和VK247）环孢子蛋白的物种特异性单克隆抗体，发现有4种按蚊呈反应性：饰肩按蚊（3个样本池）、达林按蚊（2个样本池）、白跗按蚊（10个样本池）和加氏按蚊（2个样本池）。全面调查中合并疟原虫物种的最低野外感染率（MFIR），饰肩按蚊为0.282%，达林按蚊为0.271%，白跗按蚊为0.126%，加氏按蚊为0.395%。在卡利多尼亚村进行的纵向研究中，合并疟原虫物种的MFIR，饰肩按蚊和白跗按蚊均为0.018%，加氏按蚊为1.66%。CSP阳性样本池来自凯约、科罗萨尔、奥兰治沃克、斯坦克里克和托莱多行政区。在伯利兹区的收集样本中未检测到CSP阳性样本池。该研究提供了关于疟原虫阳性按蚊空间分布和物种类型的宝贵信息。这些信息与其他病媒数据相结合表明，饰肩按蚊和达林按蚊通常参与疟疾传播。此外，在伯利兹，这些物种似乎比白跗按蚊更高效地传播疟疾。
