Hooper P T, Williamson M M
Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Division of Animal Health, CSIRO, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 2000 Dec;16(3):597-603, xi. doi: 10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30098-6.
The most important clinical and pathological manifestation of Hendra virus infection in horses and humans is that of severe interstitial pneumonia caused by viral infection of small blood vessels. The virus is also capable of causing nervous disease. Hendra virus is not contagious in horses and is spread by close contact with body fluids, such as froth from infected lungs. Diagnosis should be based on the laboratory examination of blood, lung, kidney, spleen, and, if nervous signs are present, also of the brain. Evidence of infection with the more recently identified and related Nipah virus was found in the brain of one horse in which there was inflammation of the meningeal blood vessels. Fruit bats, especially Pteropus s., have been incriminated as the natural and reservoir hosts of both Hendra and Nipah viruses.
亨德拉病毒感染马匹和人类时最重要的临床和病理表现是由小血管病毒感染引起的严重间质性肺炎。该病毒还能够引发神经疾病。亨德拉病毒在马匹中不具有传染性，通过与体液（如受感染肺部的泡沫）密切接触传播。诊断应基于对血液、肺、肾、脾的实验室检查，如果出现神经症状，还应检查大脑。在一匹脑膜血管有炎症的马的大脑中发现了感染最近鉴定出的相关尼帕病毒的证据。果蝠，尤其是狐蝠属，被认为是亨德拉病毒和尼帕病毒的天然宿主和储存宿主。
