Bloching M, Beck R, Knipping S, Mir-Salim P A, Duncker G I, Berghaus A
Klinik für Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenkrankheiten, Gesichts-und Halschirurgie, Martin Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg.
HNO. 2001 Jan;49(1):21-8. doi: 10.1007/s001060050703.
During the period 1992-1998,we diagnosed orbital tumors in 23 cases at the MLU Halle-Wittenberg. In the intraconal compartment we mostly saw cavernous hemangiomas and neurogenic tumors. Lymphomas and a primary meningioma were located in the extraconal space. Beneath the periosteum, bony processes, tumors of the sinuses, dermoid-and epidermoid-cysts normally occur, but we only observed metastases and hematomas. Furthermore,tumors of the lacrimal gland and inflammatory lesions were diagnosed. Orbital tumors are uncommon lesions, whose location in the orbit gives an important hint to differential diagnosis, because a high percentage of various pathologies is located in special compartments of the orbit. According to our results,the MRI-scan is usually sufficient for differentiation and for preoperative planning in order to reduce the X-ray dose of the lens. CT-scans with contrast are sometimes necessary for examining bone destroying processes and for planning the surgical approach to removing the tumor. X-rays of the skull widely lost their importance in the exact diagnostic of orbital tumors. B-scan ultrasonic imaging is reserved for screening and follow-up examination. Despite the use of MRI and CT scanning, the histological examination remains necessary.
在1992年至1998年期间，我们在哈雷-维滕贝格马丁路德大学诊断出23例眼眶肿瘤。在肌锥内间隙，我们大多见到海绵状血管瘤和神经源性肿瘤。淋巴瘤和原发性脑膜瘤位于肌锥外间隙。在骨膜下方，通常会出现骨病变、鼻窦肿瘤、皮样囊肿和表皮样囊肿，但我们仅观察到转移瘤和血肿。此外，还诊断出泪腺肿瘤和炎性病变。眼眶肿瘤是罕见病变，其在眼眶内的位置为鉴别诊断提供了重要线索，因为多种病理类型中有很大比例位于眼眶的特定间隙。根据我们的结果，MRI扫描通常足以进行鉴别诊断和术前规划，以减少晶状体的X线剂量。有时需要进行增强CT扫描来检查骨质破坏情况并规划肿瘤切除的手术入路。头颅X线在眼眶肿瘤的精确诊断中已基本失去重要性。B超扫描则用于筛查和随访检查。尽管使用了MRI和CT扫描，组织学检查仍然是必要的。
