Taylor D
Department of Family Health Care Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0606, USA.
Nurse Pract Forum. 2000 Jun;11(2):79-86.
Symptoms are the most common reason people seek health care. Although the menstrual cycle, a normative process, is not a chronic illness, about 10% to 15% of women experience severe recurring symptoms associated with the menstrual cycle that can be considered a chronic illness. Severe perimenstrual symptoms, although distressing for some women, provide a model for understanding complex gender-specific conditions that include biological, psychosocial, and cultural factors, and have application to other women's health problems such as stress-related conditions (heart disease, arthritis, immune system disorders), psychiatric disorders, or normative menstrual cycle transitions (menarche, postpartum, menopause). The Perimenstrual Symptom Management Program, developed by the author, was evaluated to determine the short-term and long-term effectiveness of a multimodal, nonpharmacological treatment package aimed at relieving the symptom and stress experience as well as increasing health behaviors. Selected results from this longitudinal clinical trial will be presented along with examples of effective elements of personal and environmental strategies for symptom management and health promotion. Recommendations for clinical application of these research findings will be presented with a focus on both patient outcomes and intervention processes for personal and environmental therapeutic change.
症状是人们寻求医疗保健的最常见原因。尽管月经周期是一个正常过程，并非慢性病，但约10%至15%的女性会经历与月经周期相关的严重复发性症状，这些症状可被视为一种慢性病。严重的经前症状虽然会给一些女性带来困扰，但为理解包括生物、心理社会和文化因素在内的复杂性别特异性病症提供了一个模型，并且适用于其他女性健康问题，如与压力相关的病症（心脏病、关节炎、免疫系统疾病）、精神疾病或正常的月经周期转变（初潮、产后、更年期）。作者开发的经前症状管理项目进行了评估，以确定一个多模式、非药物治疗方案在缓解症状和压力体验以及增加健康行为方面的短期和长期效果。将展示这项纵向临床试验的部分结果，以及症状管理和健康促进的个人及环境策略有效要素的实例。将提出这些研究结果在临床应用方面的建议，重点关注患者的治疗效果以及个人和环境治疗改变的干预过程。
