Fungal fimbriae. II. Their role in conjugation in Ustilago violacea.

During conjugation in the anther smut fungus Ustilago violacea cells of opposite mating type first pair tightly and then develop a conjugation tube or bridge between them. The cells of both mating types are covered in long fine hairs or fimbriae, some of which appear to end in knobs. Experiments involving enzyme treatments of the cell surface indicate that these fimbriae do not play an essential role in cell pairing, instead pairing seems to be initiated when one or both mating types produce amorphous masses of alpha-amylase-sensitive material. Electron micrographs, enzyme and inhibitor studies, and experiments using restrictive temperatures suggest, however, that fimbriae may be essential for the later stages of conjugation i.e. development of the conjugation tube. If so, it is suggested that they may permit the exchange of macromolecules between the conjugating cells, initiating localized wall-softening and wall-breakdown.