Klausner J D, Stanley H, Stansell J
Department of Medicine, Division of AIDS and Oncology, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, California 94103, USA.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2001 Feb;15(2):73-6. doi: 10.1089/108729101300003663.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends sexually transmitted disease (STD) screening among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons as a means of HIV prevention. HIV-infected persons in care may be an important target group in which to conduct regular STD screening to prevent enhanced transmission of HIV. We conducted STD screening for syphilis and two causes of urethritis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea, among 447 HIV-infected persons at two busy, urban clinics in San Francisco: a general HIV acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) care clinic and a methadone maintenance clinic. There were no new cases of syphilis identified and only two prevalent cases of chlamydia. While STD screening was feasible and acceptable in this population, the benefits of screening for asymptomatic gonococcal and chlamydial infection remain to be determined. Because these two pathogens only cause about 20% of urethritis, broader screening tests for urethritis, e.g., leukocyte esterase or urine microscopy, may be more useful. Finally, this study reaffirms the notion that local data should be used to evaluate national screening recommendations.
美国疾病控制与预防中心建议，对感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的人群进行性传播疾病（STD）筛查，以此作为预防HIV的一种手段。接受治疗的HIV感染者可能是定期进行STD筛查以预防HIV传播加剧的重要目标群体。我们在旧金山两家繁忙的城市诊所，即一家普通的HIV获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）护理诊所和一家美沙酮维持治疗诊所，对447名HIV感染者进行了梅毒以及两种尿道炎病因（衣原体和淋病）的STD筛查。未发现新的梅毒病例，仅发现两例衣原体现患病例。虽然STD筛查在该人群中可行且可接受，但无症状淋球菌和衣原体感染筛查的益处仍有待确定。由于这两种病原体仅导致约20%的尿道炎，更广泛的尿道炎筛查试验，如白细胞酯酶或尿液显微镜检查，可能更有用。最后，本研究再次证实了应使用当地数据来评估国家筛查建议这一观点。
