French S A, Leffert N, Story M, Neumark-Sztainer D, Hannan P, Benson P L
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454-1015, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2001 Mar;28(3):211-21. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(00)00166-x.
To study associations between binge/purge and weight loss behaviors and "developmental assets" among adolescent girls and boys.
The Search Institute's Profile of Student Life: Attitudes and Behaviors self-report questionnaire was administered to 48,264 girls and 47,131 boys in grades 6 through 12 at schools in 213 cities or towns across the United States. The 156-item questionnaire measured 40 "developmental assets," or protective factors associated with successful adolescent development. Developmental assets were examined using multiple logistic regression among students who reported binge/purge behaviors, weight loss behavior, both, or neither.
Developmental assets related to positive identity were the strongest discriminators of binge/purge and weight loss behaviors in both girls and boys. Girls who reported binge/purge and weight loss behaviors were about half as likely to report feeling a sense of purpose [odds ratio (OR) = 0.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.40, 0.50] and high self-esteem (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.49, 0.61), compared with girls not reporting either of these behaviors. Among boys the ORs were: sense of purpose OR = 0.53 (95% CI = 0.46, 0.61) and self-esteem OR = 0.76 (95% CI = 0.65, 0.88). Assets related to values about abstinence from alcohol, drugs, or sex ("restraint") were also significant correlates. Girls and boys who reported these values were less likely to report binge/purge and weight loss behaviors, compared with those who did not report these values (girls: OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.50, 0.63; boys: OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.70, 0.97).
Internal assets such as self-esteem, sense of purpose, and values related to abstinence from alcohol and sex appear to be protective against unhealthy eating behaviors and may reflect a general resilience that buffers against a broad range of health risk behaviors.
研究青少年女孩和男孩中暴饮暴食/催吐及减肥行为与“发展资产”之间的关联。
对美国213个城镇学校6至12年级的48264名女孩和47131名男孩进行了搜索研究所的《学生生活概况：态度与行为》自填问卷调查。这份156项的问卷测量了40项“发展资产”，即与青少年成功发展相关的保护因素。在报告有暴饮暴食/催吐行为、减肥行为、两者皆有或两者皆无的学生中，使用多元逻辑回归分析发展资产。
与积极身份认同相关的发展资产是女孩和男孩中暴饮暴食/催吐及减肥行为的最强区分因素。报告有暴饮暴食/催吐及减肥行为的女孩，与未报告这些行为的女孩相比，报告有目标感的可能性约为一半（优势比[OR]=0.45，95%置信区间[CI]=0.40，0.50），有高自尊的可能性也约为一半（OR=0.55，95%CI=0.49，0.61）。在男孩中，优势比分别为：目标感OR=0.53（95%CI=0.46，0.61），自尊OR=0.76（95%CI=0.65，0.88）。与戒酒、戒毒或禁欲价值观（“克制”）相关的资产也是显著的相关因素。与未报告这些价值观的女孩和男孩相比，报告有这些价值观的女孩和男孩报告暴饮暴食/催吐及减肥行为的可能性较小（女孩：OR=0.56，95%CI=0.50，0.63；男孩：OR=0.83，95%CI=0.70，0.97）。
自尊、目标感以及与戒酒和禁欲相关的价值观等内在资产似乎对不健康饮食行为具有保护作用，并且可能反映了一种能缓冲多种健康风险行为的普遍恢复力。
