Furuta W, Sendo T, Kataoka Y, Oishi R
Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Acad Radiol. 2001 Feb;8(2):158-61. doi: 10.1016/s1076-6332(01)90114-x.
The purpose of this study was to characterize the adverse effects of iohexol and ioxaglate on human microvascular endothelial cells, which may result in phlebitis, pain, and thrombosis.
The degree of morphologic degeneration and of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) efflux into the extracellular medium (as an index of cell viability) were determined in endothelial cell culture exposed for 10, 30, or 60 minutes to ioxaglate or iohexol (ionic and nonionic contrast media, respectively) at iodine concentrations of 100 or 150 mg/mL.
Ioxaglate induced concentration- and time-dependent morphologic degeneration, including shrinkage and loss of the cell tip in 20%-80% of endothelial cells; iohexol did not. After 60 minutes of exposure, ioxaglate at the higher concentration (150 mg iodine per milliliter) significantly increased the LDH signal (ie, the percentage of LDH released), to 20%.
The present findings demonstrate that ioxaglate but not iohexol causes morphologic degeneration of the microvascular endothelial cells. This direct cytotoxic action of ioxaglate probably causes endothelial cell dysfunction, closely associated with the occurrence of phlebitis, pain, and thrombosis.
本研究旨在描述碘海醇和碘克沙醇对人微血管内皮细胞的不良影响，这些影响可能导致静脉炎、疼痛和血栓形成。
在内皮细胞培养物中，分别将细胞暴露于碘浓度为100或150mg/mL的碘克沙醇或碘海醇（分别为离子型和非离子型造影剂）10、30或60分钟，然后测定形态学退变程度以及乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）释放到细胞外培养基中的量（作为细胞活力指标）。
碘克沙醇诱导了浓度和时间依赖性的形态学退变，包括20%-80%的内皮细胞出现收缩和细胞尖端丧失；而碘海醇未出现此现象。暴露60分钟后，较高浓度（每毫升150mg碘）的碘克沙醇显著增加了LDH信号（即LDH释放百分比），达到20%。
目前的研究结果表明，碘克沙醇而非碘海醇会导致微血管内皮细胞形态学退变。碘克沙醇的这种直接细胞毒性作用可能导致内皮细胞功能障碍，这与静脉炎、疼痛和血栓形成的发生密切相关。
