Xiao L, Singh A, Limor J, Graczyk T K, Gradus S, Lal A
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2001 Mar;67(3):1097-101. doi: 10.1128/AEM.67.3.1097-1101.2001.
Recent molecular characterizations of Cryptosporidium parasites make it possible to differentiate the human-pathogenic Cryptosporidium parasites from those that do not infect humans and to track the source of Cryptosporidium oocyst contamination in the environment. In this study, we used a small-subunit rRNA-based PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique to detect and characterize Cryptosporidium oocysts in 55 samples of raw surface water collected from several areas in the United States and 49 samples of raw wastewater collected from Milwaukee, Wis. Cryptosporidium parasites were detected in 25 surface water samples and 12 raw wastewater samples. C. parvum human and bovine genotypes were the dominant Cryptosporidium parasites in the surface water samples from sites where there was potential contamination by humans and cattle, whereas C. andersoni was the most common parasite in wastewater. There may be geographic differences in the distribution of Cryptosporidium genotypes in surface water. The PCR-RFLP technique can be a useful alternative method for detection and differentiation of Cryptosporidium parasites in water.
隐孢子虫寄生虫最近的分子特征使得区分人类致病性隐孢子虫寄生虫与非感染人类的寄生虫以及追踪环境中隐孢子虫卵囊污染的来源成为可能。在本研究中，我们使用基于小亚基rRNA的聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）技术，对从美国几个地区采集的55份地表原水样本和从威斯康星州密尔沃基市采集的49份原废水样本中的隐孢子虫卵囊进行检测和鉴定。在25份地表水样本和12份原废水样本中检测到了隐孢子虫寄生虫。在可能受到人类和牛污染的地点采集地表水样本中，微小隐孢子虫的人类和牛基因型是主要的隐孢子虫寄生虫，而安氏隐孢子虫是废水中最常见的寄生虫。地表水隐孢子虫基因型的分布可能存在地理差异。PCR-RFLP技术可能是检测和区分水中隐孢子虫寄生虫的一种有用的替代方法。
