Yip K
Department of History, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, USA.
Parassitologia. 2000 Jun;42(1-2):117-26.
In November 1965, the World Health Organization (WHO) certified Taiwan as an area where malaria had been eradicated. Malaria eradication in Taiwan resulted from government initiatives and involvement, careful planning and organization, the development of basic health structure and community support, as well as the cooperation and assistance of international agencies. The Japanese colonial government of Taiwan had contributed to the antimalarial efforts through the establishment of a rudimentary health infrastructure and introduction of measures to combat malaria and other diseases during their occupation of the island from 1895 to 1945. The Chinese government regained control of the island after Japan's surrender in 1945, and with the support of the Rockefeller Foundation, established a research institute to investigate the malaria problem. Political instability in 1949, however, caused the Foundation to end its support. After the Nationalist government moved to Taiwan, it continued antimalarial efforts which received the support of WHO and other international agencies. While Taiwan followed closely WHO's guidelines and plan of attack, the development of the program illustrates the importance of local factors in shaping its actual implementation and eventual success. Malaria eradication in Taiwan went through the following phases: preparatory (1946-1951); attack (1952-1957); consolidation (1958-1964); and maintenance (after 1965).
1965年11月，世界卫生组织（WHO）认证台湾为疟疾已被根除的地区。台湾疟疾的根除得益于政府的倡议与参与、精心的规划与组织、基本卫生结构的发展以及社区支持，还有国际机构的合作与援助。台湾的日本殖民政府在1895年至1945年占领该岛期间，通过建立初步的卫生基础设施以及引入防治疟疾和其他疾病的措施，为抗疟努力做出了贡献。1945年日本投降后，中国政府重新控制了该岛，并在洛克菲勒基金会的支持下，成立了一个研究所来调查疟疾问题。然而，1949年的政治动荡导致该基金会终止了支持。国民政府迁至台湾后，继续开展抗疟工作，并得到了世卫组织和其他国际机构的支持。虽然台湾严格遵循世卫组织的指导方针和攻击计划，但该项目的发展说明了当地因素在决定其实际实施和最终成功方面的重要性。台湾疟疾根除经历了以下阶段：准备阶段（1946 - 1951年）；攻击阶段（1952 - 1957年）；巩固阶段（1958 - 1964年）；以及维持阶段（1965年之后）。
