Myrick H, Henderson S, Brady K T, Malcolm R
Department of Psychiatry, Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA.
J Clin Psychiatry. 2001 Jan;62(1):19-23. doi: 10.4088/jcp.v62n0105.
Although multiple medications have been studied for the treatment of cocaine dependence, no medication has been shown to have a robust effect on craving and use. This pilot project was designed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of gabapentin in subjects with cocaine dependence.
Thirty cocaine-dependent subjects (DSM-IV criteria) were enrolled in an 8-week, open-label trial of 1,200 mg/day of gabapentin in divided doses. Urine drug screens, subjective measures of craving, and cocaine use interviews were conducted at each weekly visit.
Baseline rating of amount and frequency of craving decreased significantly by week 8 (78% vs. 25% for amount, p = .000; 74% vs. 23% for frequency, p = .004). Positive urine drug screens for cocaine decreased from 86% at baseline to 29% at weeks 4 and 8. There were no reports of significant side effects or adverse events.
This pilot study indicates that gabapentin is safe and well tolerated and may be beneficial in the treatment of cocaine dependence. A placebo-controlled trial would be of interest.
尽管已经对多种药物用于治疗可卡因依赖进行了研究，但尚无药物显示出对渴望和使用有显著效果。该试点项目旨在评估加巴喷丁在可卡因依赖受试者中的安全性和耐受性。
30名符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）标准的可卡因依赖受试者参加了一项为期8周的开放标签试验，每天服用1200毫克加巴喷丁，分剂量服用。每周就诊时进行尿液药物筛查、渴望程度的主观测量以及可卡因使用访谈。
到第8周时，渴望程度的数量和频率的基线评分显著降低（数量方面，从78%降至25%，p = .000；频率方面，从74%降至23%，p = .004）。可卡因尿液药物筛查呈阳性的比例从基线时的86%降至第4周和第8周时的29%。没有显著副作用或不良事件的报告。
这项试点研究表明，加巴喷丁安全且耐受性良好，可能对治疗可卡因依赖有益。开展一项安慰剂对照试验将会很有意义。
