Dynamic water exercise in individuals with late poliomyelitis.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the specific effects of general dynamic water exercise in individuals with late effects of poliomyelitis.

DESIGN

Before-after tests.

SETTING

A university hospital department.

PARTICIPANTS

Twenty-eight individuals with late effects of polio, 15 assigned to the training group (TG) and 13 to the control group (CG).

INTERVENTION

The TG completed a 40-minute general fitness training session in warm water twice weekly. Assessment instruments included the bicycle ergometer test, isokinetic muscle strength, a 30-meter walk indoors, Berg balance scale, a pain drawing, a visual analog scale, the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, and the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Peak load, peak work load, peak oxygen uptake, peak heart rate (HR), muscle function in knee extensors and flexors, and pain dimension of the NHP.

RESULTS

The average training period was 5 months; compliance was 75% (range, 55-98). No negative effects were seen. The exercise did not influence the peak work load, peak oxygen uptake, or muscle function in knee extensors compared with the controls. However, a decreased HR at the same individual work load was seen, as well as a significantly lower distress in the dimension pain of the NHP. Qualitative aspects such as increased well-being, pain relief, and increased physical fitness were reported.

CONCLUSIONS

A program of nonswimming dynamic exercises in heated water has a positive impact on individuals with late effects of polio, with a decreased HR at exercise, less pain, and a subjective positive experience. The program was well tolerated (no adverse effects were reported) and can be recommended for this group of individuals.