Guillem F, Bicu M, Debruille J B
Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Quebec, Montreal, Canada.
Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 2001 Mar;11(1):113-25. doi: 10.1016/s0926-6410(00)00070-7.
Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during indirect and direct memory tests for unfamiliar faces. In both tests, ERPs displayed the usual positive shift known as the ERP repetition effect. In the indirect test, this effect includes parietal effect (the usual N400 effect) and a right fronto-central effect. Both effects are also present in the direct test. Two additional effects are present only in the direct test. These effects are an early fronto-polar effect and a late posterior effect (the usual P600 effect). These findings are taken as support for the distinction between 'associative' processes elicited in both the direct and indirect tests, and 'episodic' processes elicited only in the direct test. This task dissociation could well provide a scalp correlate of the distinction between the neocortical and cortico-limbic systems that have been shown to contribute respectively to associative and episodic processing. In addition, it is proposed that the dissociation between the two frontal effects could be accounted for by a distinction between the processing of intrinsic vs. extrinsic contextual attributes as a function of the task requirements.
在针对不熟悉面孔的间接和直接记忆测试过程中记录了事件相关电位（ERP）。在这两种测试中，ERP均显示出通常被称为ERP重复效应的正向偏移。在间接测试中，这种效应包括顶叶效应（通常的N400效应）和右额中央效应。这两种效应在直接测试中也存在。另外两种效应仅在直接测试中出现。这些效应是早期额极效应和晚期后部效应（通常的P600效应）。这些发现被视为支持直接和间接测试中引发的“联想”过程与仅在直接测试中引发的“情景”过程之间的区别。这种任务分离很可能为新皮质和皮质边缘系统之间的区别提供头皮相关性，已表明这两个系统分别对联想和情景处理有贡献。此外，有人提出，两种额叶效应之间的分离可以通过根据任务要求对内在与外在情境属性的处理差异来解释。
