Sata F, Umemura T, Kishi R
Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2001 Feb;28(2):184-8.
Prostate cancer is one of the major malignant diseases in Western countries. In Japan, the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer is not so high, but is continuously increasing. The recent drastic increase in incidence has been attributed to the growth of the elderly population, a westernized diet in daily life, widespread environmental contamination, and improved screening techniques such as the serum PSA test. The epidemiology of prostate cancer hints that its etiology is both environmental and genetic. Androgenic stimulation over time, perhaps due to a high fat diet, has been suggested as a cause of prostate cancer. Dietary factors such as phytoestrogens, vitamins and trace elements are suggested to have a protective effect against prostate cancer, and encourage us to search for means of prevention. Some have suggested that certain polymorphisms increase the risk of prostate cancer, whereas others are searching for genetic mutations that may also increase prostate cancer risk. The cause of prostate cancer is likely to be a combination of environmental and genetic factors.
前列腺癌是西方国家主要的恶性疾病之一。在日本，前列腺癌的发病率和死亡率虽不算高，但呈持续上升趋势。近期发病率的急剧上升归因于老年人口的增长、日常生活中的西式饮食、广泛的环境污染以及血清PSA检测等筛查技术的改进。前列腺癌的流行病学表明其病因既有环境因素也有遗传因素。长期的雄激素刺激，可能是由于高脂肪饮食，被认为是前列腺癌的一个病因。植物雌激素、维生素和微量元素等饮食因素被认为对前列腺癌有保护作用，并促使我们寻找预防方法。一些人认为某些基因多态性会增加患前列腺癌的风险，而另一些人则在寻找可能也会增加前列腺癌风险的基因突变。前列腺癌的病因可能是环境因素和遗传因素共同作用的结果。
