1942年至1997年期间，西非城镇班珠尔的死因变化。
Changing causes of death in the West African town of Banjul, 1942-97.
作者信息
van der Sande M A, Inskip H M, Jaiteh K O, Maine N P, Walraven G E, Hall A J, McAdam K P
机构信息
Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratories, Fajara, PO Box 273, Banjul, The Gambia.
出版信息
Bull World Health Organ. 2001;79(2):133-41.
OBJECTIVE
To determine trends in the causes of death in a West African town. Mortality caused by infectious diseases is reported to be declining while degenerative and man-made mortality factors are increasingly significant. Most mortality analyses for sub-Saharan Africa have involved extrapolation and have not been derived from community-based data.
METHODS
Historical data on causes of death coded by physicians were analysed for the urban population of Banjul for the period 1942-97. As the calculation of rates is not possible in the absence of a reliable population denominator, age-standardized proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) for men and women by major groups of causes of death were calculated, using the 1942-49 data for reference purposes.
FINDINGS
Most deaths were attributable to communicable diseases. There was a shift in proportional mortality over the study period: the contribution of communicable diseases declined and that of noncommunicable diseases and injuries increased. These trends were more marked among men than women.
CONCLUSION
The data illustrate that while noncommunicable diseases and injuries are emerging as important contributors to mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, communicable diseases remain significant causes of mortality and should not be neglected.
目的
确定一个西非城镇的死因趋势。据报道，传染病所致死亡率正在下降，而退行性和人为致死因素日益显著。撒哈拉以南非洲地区的大多数死亡率分析都是基于推断得出，并非来自基于社区的数据。
方法
分析了1942年至1997年期间班珠尔城市人口由医生编码的死因历史数据。由于缺乏可靠的人口分母，无法计算死亡率，因此以1942年至1949年的数据为参考，计算了按主要死因分组的男性和女性年龄标准化比例死亡率（PMR）。
研究结果
大多数死亡归因于传染病。在研究期间，比例死亡率出现了变化：传染病的贡献率下降，非传染病和伤害的贡献率上升。这些趋势在男性中比在女性中更为明显。
结论
数据表明，虽然非传染病和伤害正在成为撒哈拉以南非洲地区死亡率的重要影响因素，但传染病仍然是主要死因，不应被忽视。
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