Smith A M, Ortiguera S A, Laskowski E R, Hartman A D, Mullenbach D M, Gaines K A, Larson D R, Fisher W
Sports Medicine Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn 55905, USA.
Mayo Clin Proc. 2001 Mar;76(3):275-84. doi: 10.4065/76.3.275.
To examine the relationship between psychological, physiological, and performance variables in intensive care unit (ICU) nurses in situations of increasing criticality.
Psychophysiological variables and endotracheal suctioning performance were examined in a classroom, a skills laboratory, and an ICU. Situation-specific anxiety (state anxiety) and the predisposition to view situations as threatening (trait anxiety), cognitive appraisal, and heart rate were measured and compared with self-appraisal and a nurse instructor's ratings of suctioning performance. Baseline data were obtained during class on 45 novice ICU nurses.
Twenty-six nurses provided complete data, which included being videotaped and monitored in the classroom, in the skills laboratory performing endotracheal suctioning, and in the ICU during suctioning. High state anxiety significantly predicted poor ICU suctioning performance (P<.04). Nurses high in state and trait anxiety, worry, and heart rate performed poorly compared with less anxious nurses. Nurses in this study who performed best had a mean heart rate of 94 beats/min.
Those nurses who are high state anxious, high trait anxious, and worried and who had a faster heart rate performed less well than their more relaxed peers. Nurses with high state anxiety may be at risk for attrition, burnout, medical errors, and poor performance in other ICU nursing tasks.
研究重症监护病房（ICU）护士在危急情况不断增加时心理、生理和操作变量之间的关系。
在教室、技能实验室和ICU中对心理生理变量和气管内吸痰操作进行研究。测量特定情境焦虑（状态焦虑）、将情境视为威胁的倾向（特质焦虑）、认知评估和心率，并与自我评估以及护士教员对吸痰操作的评分进行比较。在课堂上获取了45名ICU新手护士的基线数据。
26名护士提供了完整数据，包括在教室被录像和监测、在技能实验室进行气管内吸痰操作以及在ICU吸痰时的情况。高状态焦虑显著预示着ICU吸痰操作表现不佳（P<0.04）。与焦虑程度较低的护士相比，状态焦虑、特质焦虑、担忧程度高以及心率快的护士操作表现较差。本研究中表现最佳的护士平均心率为94次/分钟。
那些状态焦虑高、特质焦虑高、担忧且心率较快的护士，其表现不如更为放松的同行。状态焦虑高的护士可能面临人员流失、职业倦怠、医疗差错以及在其他ICU护理任务中表现不佳的风险。
