Hamers C, Dehan P, Couvreur B, Letellier C, Kerkhofs P, Pastoret P P
Department of Infectious Diseases, Unit of Immunology and Vaccinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Boulevard de Colonster, 20 Bat B 43 bis, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
Vet J. 2001 Mar;161(2):112-22. doi: 10.1053/tvjl.2000.0504.
Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) isolates are characterized by an important genetic, antigenic and pathogenic diversity. The emergence of new hypervirulent BVDV strains in North America has provided clear evidence of pathogenic differences between BVDV strains. The origin of BVDV diversity is related to high mutation rate occurring in RNA viruses but the consequences of mutations obviously depend on the genes which are involved. Mutations in genes encoding for structural proteins of immunological importance may have practical implications. Knowledge of BVDV diversity is important for understanding the wide variety of pathogenesis of diseases caused by the virus, for monitoring the epidemiology of the different types and for the design of optimum laboratory tests and vaccines. This review focuses on the origin and consequences of BVDV diversity with regard to pathogenesis, biotypes, and antigenic and genetic variations.
牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）分离株具有重要的遗传、抗原和致病多样性。北美新出现的超强毒力BVDV毒株清楚地证明了BVDV毒株之间的致病差异。BVDV多样性的起源与RNA病毒中发生的高突变率有关，但突变的后果显然取决于所涉及的基因。编码具有免疫学重要性的结构蛋白的基因发生突变可能具有实际意义。了解BVDV多样性对于理解该病毒引起的各种疾病发病机制、监测不同类型的流行病学以及设计最佳实验室检测方法和疫苗都很重要。本综述重点关注BVDV多样性在发病机制、生物型以及抗原和遗传变异方面的起源和后果。
