Gagey O J, Gagey N
Orthopaedic Department, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris-South University and the Institute of Anatomy, France.
J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2001 Jan;83(1):69-74. doi: 10.1302/0301-620x.83b1.10628.
We studied 100 fresh human shoulders in cadavers (mean age 76 years), and the range of passive abduction (RPA) in 100 volunteers with normal shoulders and in 90 patients with instability of the joint, over a period of six years. The anatomical and clinical findings showed that passive abduction occurs within the glenohumeral joint only, is controlled by the inferior glenohumeral ligament and has a constant value in 95% of both shoulders in normal subjects. In patients with instability, 85% showed an RPA of over 105 degrees with 90 degrees in the contralateral shoulder. In the remaining patients a strongly positive apprehension test suggested a diagnosis of instability. An RPA of more than 105 degrees is associated with lengthening and laxity of the inferior glenohumeral ligament.
我们在六年的时间里，对100具新鲜的人体尸体肩部（平均年龄76岁）、100名肩部正常的志愿者以及90名关节不稳定患者进行了被动外展范围（RPA）的研究。解剖学和临床研究结果表明，被动外展仅发生在盂肱关节内，由下盂肱韧带控制，并且在正常受试者的双肩中，95% 的被动外展范围具有恒定值。在关节不稳定的患者中，85% 的患者患侧RPA超过105度，对侧肩部为90度。在其余患者中，强烈的恐惧试验阳性提示不稳定的诊断。RPA超过105度与下盂肱韧带的延长和松弛有关。
