Modlin I M, Kidd M
Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
J Clin Gastroenterol. 2001 Mar;32(3):187-92. doi: 10.1097/00004836-200103000-00001.
The demonstration by Bayliss and Starling that acid liberates a chemical messenger from the cells of the duodenal and jejunal mucosa and that this, by traveling through the blood, excites the pancreas to secrete revolutionized physiology. It subsequently provided the impetus to establish endocrinology as a specialist field in medicine. Together, their contributions to physiology covered a vast sphere of knowledge, ranging from hormones to the heart and from enzymes to osmotic forces. Every subject that they studied was augmented by their efforts, and their lucid scientific writing brought both clarity and organization to the field of physiological endeavor throughout the world. Both contributed in a very definite way to crystallizing physiology into a rigorous scientific discipline and their respective texts the "Principles of General Physiology" (Bayliss) and the "Principles of Human Physiology" (Starling) established a framework of thought that for decades remained the lodestar of physiological science. As mentors, they devoted themselves to aspirant physiologists from all parts of the world, and their dedication to the activities of the Physiological Society in London was legendary. Indeed from 1896, when Starling became secretary, until the death of Bayliss in 1924, the two ran this august body in one capacity or another for more than a quarter of a century. There is little doubt that the felicitous collaboration that led to the discovery of secretin and the introduction of the concept of chemical messengers represents an advance that not only revolutionized physiological thought but the entire face of clinical medicine.
贝利斯和斯塔林证明，酸能从十二指肠和空肠黏膜细胞中释放出一种化学信使，该信使通过血液循环，刺激胰腺分泌，这一发现彻底改变了生理学。这一发现随后为将内分泌学确立为医学专业领域提供了动力。他们对生理学的贡献涵盖了广泛的知识领域，从激素到心脏，从酶到渗透力。他们所研究的每一个课题都因他们的努力而得到充实，他们清晰明了的科学著作给全世界生理学研究领域带来了清晰和条理。他们都以非常明确的方式为将生理学发展成为一门严谨的科学学科做出了贡献，他们各自的著作《普通生理学原理》（贝利斯）和《人体生理学原理》（斯塔林）建立了一个思想框架，几十年来一直是生理学科学的指路明灯。作为导师，他们致力于培养来自世界各地有抱负的生理学家，他们对伦敦生理学会活动的奉献精神堪称传奇。事实上，从1896年斯塔林担任秘书开始，直到1924年贝利斯去世，两人以各种身份管理这个庄严的机构长达四分之一个多世纪。毫无疑问，促成促胰液素发现和化学信使概念引入的这种愉快合作不仅彻底改变了生理学思想，也改变了临床医学的全貌，是一项重大进步。
