Tanaka Y, Nakazawa J, Nakazawa S
Science University of Tokyo, Suwa College, Toyohira, Chino 391-0292.
Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 2000 Dec;71(5):370-8. doi: 10.4992/jjpsy.71.370.
The effects of long-term husband absence on wives' stress reaction and child-care anxiety were examined in a cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Women whose husband was transferred together with his family (taido-funin, N = 180) and those without his (tanshin-funin, N = 229) completed a questionnaire of their own stress reaction and child-care anxiety. Five years later, they were again asked to complete the same questionnaire. Of those who participated in the second survey, husbands of 25 wives were still away as tanshin-funin, those of 51 returned and rejoined his family, and 37 families remained as taido-funin. Results of ANOVAs were as follows: Women whose husband continued tanshin-funin reported more stress reaction than those whose husband returned. Expectation of long-term absence was more harmful than that of brief absence. Expectation of long-term absence was more harmful than actual long-term absence. Expectation as well as actual experience of long-term absence had worse effects on wives who had older children, e.g., of college age, than those with younger ones. Finally, no effect of prolonged husband absence was found on child-care anxiety.
在一项横断面和纵向研究中，考察了长期丈夫不在家对妻子应激反应和育儿焦虑的影响。丈夫随家人调动的女性（全家调动，N = 180）和丈夫未随家人调动的女性（单身赴任，N = 229）完成了一份关于自身应激反应和育儿焦虑的问卷。五年后，再次要求她们完成相同的问卷。在参与第二次调查的人中，25名妻子的丈夫仍作为单身赴任者不在家，51名的丈夫返回并与家人团聚，37个家庭仍为全家调动。方差分析结果如下：丈夫持续单身赴任的女性报告的应激反应比丈夫返回的女性更多。预期长期不在家比预期短期不在家危害更大。预期长期不在家比实际长期不在家危害更大。长期不在家的预期以及实际经历对有大龄子女（如大学年龄）的妻子的影响比对有年幼子女的妻子更严重。最后，未发现丈夫长期不在家对育儿焦虑有影响。
